Which carbon compound is least likely to undergo an addition reaction?
Pentane
An addition reaction takes place when atoms or groups add across a carbon–carbon double or triple bond. Only unsaturated compounds, which contain such multiple bonds, can undergo addition; saturated compounds have no multiple bond to open up.
Pentane (C5H12) is an alkane in which all carbon–carbon bonds are single bonds. It is saturated, so it cannot take part in an addition reaction and instead shows substitution reactions, for example with chlorine in sunlight.
Pentene has a carbon–carbon double bond, pentadiene has two double bonds and pentyne has a triple bond. All three are unsaturated and readily undergo addition reactions such as hydrogenation.
Hence, Pentane.
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