What triggered the 2025 India–Pakistan crisis?
Terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Kashmir
On 22 April 2025, terrorists attacked tourists at Baisaran meadow near Pahalgam in Jammu and Kashmir, killing 26 civilians.
This terrorist attack triggered the 2025 India–Pakistan crisis. In response, India held the Indus Waters Treaty in abeyance, downgraded diplomatic ties and, on 7 May 2025, launched Operation Sindoor against terror infrastructure, after which cross-border firing followed.
The treaty suspension, the diplomatic measures and the artillery exchanges were consequences of the attack, not its cause.
Hence, the answer is Terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Kashmir.
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