What does 'moksha' stand for in the fourfold objective of life according to Vedic philosophy?
Spiritual freedom
Vedic and classical Indian philosophy sets out four aims of human life, known collectively as the Purusharthas.
These four objectives are Dharma (righteous duty), Artha (wealth and material means), Kama (desires and pleasures) and Moksha (liberation).
Moksha stands for spiritual freedom, the liberation of the soul from the cycle of birth, death and rebirth, and union with the ultimate reality.
It is regarded as the highest and final goal of life, toward which the other three aims are meant to be balanced and directed.
Kama refers to the pursuit of desires and Artha to wealth accumulation, so those meanings belong to different objectives.
Social status is not one of the four Purusharthas at all, which rules it out.
Hence, the correct answer is Spiritual freedom.
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Important Questions from Philosophy
With reference to the history of ancient India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Mitakshara was the civil law for upper castes and Dayabhaga was the civil law for lower castes.
2. In the Mitakshara system, the sons can claim right to the property during the lifetime of the father, whereas in the Dayabhaga system, it is only after the death of the father that the sons can claim right to the property.
3. The Mitakshara system deals with the matters related to the property held by male members only of a family, whereas the Dayabhaga system deals with the matters related to ‘the property held by both male and female members of a family.
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