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Question

______ vascular tissue in plants contains specialised cells called sieve tube elements, and ______ is their primary function.

The correct answer is

Phloem; transport of food through translocation

Plants have two kinds of vascular tissue. Xylem is made of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres, while phloem is made of sieve tube elements, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres. So the tissue with sieve tube elements is phloem.

Phloem carries food, mainly sugars made in the leaves during photosynthesis, to other parts of the plant such as roots, fruits and growing tips. This transport of soluble food is called translocation, so the second blank is the transport of food through translocation.

Xylem does not contain sieve tube elements; it transports water and minerals from the roots upwards, not organic nutrients. Phloem does not transport oxygen to leaves, as gases move in and out of the plant mainly by diffusion through stomata.

Hence, Phloem; transport of food through translocation.

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