Under _____ a new policy of “paramountcy” was initiated. In this policy the Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.
Lord Hastings
The correct answer is Lord Hastings.
It allowed the British to intervene in successional disputes, manage state finances, and eventually annex states on various pretexts like misgovernance or lack of a natural heir (as seen later with the Doctrine of Lapse). The claim of paramountcy meant that the British considered themselves the ultimate sovereign power in India, with Indian rulers holding authority only at the pleasure of the British Crown (which later took over from the Company). This concept became a cornerstone of British policy towards the princely states throughout the 19th and 20th centuries until India's independence.
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