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"The principles of Sikhism represented a harmonious blend of Islamic and Indic religious beliefs and practices." Comment.

This question was previously asked in
UPSC CSE 2025 (Prelims) CSAT Official Paper (25-May-2025)

Sikhism, articulated by Guru Nanak and his successors, represented a synthesis of Islamic and Indic religious principles. From Islam, Sikhism absorbed strict monotheism (Ik Onkar), rejection of idol worship, and the denial of priestly mediation. Its emphasis on congregational worship (sangat) also paralleled Islamic traditions of collective devotion.

From Indic traditions, Sikhism drew on concepts of karma, reincarnation, and liberation (mukti). The emphasis on Bhakti-style devotion, the central role of the Guru, and the stress on righteous living echoed reformist Hindu currents. Importantly, Sikhism rejected caste distinctions, advocating spiritual and social equality, aligning with both Bhakti and Sufi ideals of universal brotherhood.

By integrating Islamic emphasis on monotheism and egalitarianism with Indic concepts of devotion and rebirth, Sikhism carved out a unique identity. It created a spiritual path that resonated across communities, fostering inclusivity while shaping a distinct religious tradition within India.

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