The fact that participant’s performances change when attention is paid to them, this effect is known as............................ .
Hawthorne effect
When people know they are being studied, their behaviour may change simply because of the attention they receive. This threat to the validity of a study is named after the Western Electric Hawthorne Works studies (1924–1932), where worker productivity rose under almost every change in working conditions because the workers felt observed and valued.
The stem describes exactly this: participants' performances change when attention is paid to them. That is the Hawthorne effect, a classic example of participant reactivity that researchers control with blinding, placebo or attention-control groups.
Reactive effect is a broader term for any change caused by the measurement process (for example, a pre-test sensitising subjects); it is not the specific name for the attention effect. The Avis effect refers to extra effort by a group that sees itself as the underdog (the John Henry type of response). Interactive effect describes the combined influence of two or more variables or treatments, not participant attention.
Hawthorne effect option is correct.
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