Sentences of a paragraph are given below. While the first and the last sentences (S1 and S6) are in the correct order, the sentences in between are jumbled up and named P, Q, R, S. Arrange the sentences in the correct order to form a meaningful and coherent paragraph. (S1) Newspapers, especially of the popular variety, aim to do two things: to inform and to entertain. (P) Entertainment may be principally found in the centre pages of the newspaper in some of the feature articles and in some local news stories. (Q) The principal aim of the short news report on the front pages is to inform. (R) Most newspapers are published daily, and the news reporters must make sure that they have up-to-the minute news. (S) In their news reports they will aim to create a sense of immediacy, to convey the impression that they have ‘rushed’ the news to the reader and ‘that the information contained is the very latest.’ (S6) Reporters also wish to create a sense of authenticity, that is, that their news is accurate and genuine.
P, Q, R, S
Understanding Paragraph Jumbling and Sentence Arrangement
Paragraph jumbling questions require arranging a set of jumbled sentences into a coherent and meaningful paragraph. We are given the first sentence (S1) and the last sentence (S6) in their correct positions, and we need to find the correct sequence for the four sentences labeled P, Q, R, and S.
The topic of the paragraph is about newspapers, specifically their aims to inform and entertain, and how they achieve this.
Let's look at the fixed sentences and the jumbled sentences:
- S1: Newspapers, especially of the popular variety, aim to do two things: to inform and to entertain.
- P: Entertainment may be principally found in the centre pages of the newspaper in some of the feature articles and in some local news stories.
- Q: The principal aim of the short news report on the front pages is to inform.
- R: Most newspapers are published daily, and the news reporters must make sure that they have up-to-the minute news.
- S: In their news reports they will aim to create a sense of immediacy, to convey the impression that they have ‘rushed’ the news to the reader and ‘that the information contained is the very latest.’
- S6: Reporters also wish to create a sense of authenticity, that is, that their news is accurate and genuine.
Analyzing the Sentence Flow for Paragraph Coherence
We need to connect S1 to one of the jumbled sentences (P, Q, R, or S) and then find logical connections between the jumbled sentences themselves, finally leading to S6.
S1 introduces the two main aims of newspapers: to inform and to entertain. The jumbled sentences P and Q directly address these aims. P talks about "Entertainment", while Q talks about the "principal aim... is to inform". Let's examine the provided order P, Q, R, S.
- S1 to P: S1 introduces the two aims. P immediately discusses "Entertainment", one of the aims mentioned in S1, and where it is found. This is a possible opening connection after S1.
- P to Q: P discusses entertainment in the centre pages. Q then shifts focus to the "principal aim", which is to inform, and locates it on the front pages. This transition moves from the entertainment aspect to the principal informative aspect, differentiating their locations within the newspaper.
- Q to R: Q talks about "short news report on the front pages". R talks about "news reporters" getting "up-to-the minute news" because newspapers are published daily. This flows well, connecting the reporting aspect mentioned in Q to the daily requirement for fresh news.
- R to S: R mentions the need for "up-to-the minute news". S elaborates on how reporters achieve this, by creating a "sense of immediacy" and conveying that the information is the "very latest" in their "news reports". S directly follows up on the idea of timely news from R.
- S to S6: S discusses conveying the 'very latest' news with immediacy. S6 adds another quality of news reporting: "authenticity" and "accuracy". Both S and S6 discuss desirable characteristics of news reporting, making the transition plausible.
Following this sequence, the complete paragraph would read:
S1: Newspapers, especially of the popular variety, aim to do two things: to inform and to entertain.
P: Entertainment may be principally found in the centre pages of the newspaper in some of the feature articles and in some local news stories.
Q: The principal aim of the short news report on the front pages is to inform.
R: Most newspapers are published daily, and the news reporters must make sure that they have up-to-the minute news.
S: In their news reports they will aim to create a sense of immediacy, to convey the impression that they have ‘rushed’ the news to the reader and ‘that the information contained is the very latest.’
S6: Reporters also wish to create a sense of authenticity, that is, that their news is accurate and genuine.
This arrangement (P, Q, R, S) creates a narrative flow that starts by introducing the aims (S1), discussing one aim (entertainment in P), contrasting it with the principal aim (information in Q), explaining how the principal aim's requirement for timely news is met (R and S), and finally adding another quality of informing (authenticity in S6).
Step-by-Step Verification
- S1 introduces the two aims: inform and entertain.
- Sentence P focuses on the "Entertainment" aim.
- Sentence Q introduces the "principal aim" (inform) and contrasts it with entertainment by mentioning its location (front pages vs. centre pages in P).
- Sentence R explains a practical aspect related to the "inform" aim mentioned in Q – the need for up-to-the-minute news due to daily publication.
- Sentence S expands on R, explaining *how* reporters achieve "up-to-the minute news" by creating "immediacy" in their reports.
- S6 concludes by mentioning another crucial quality of news reporting related to the "inform" aim – "authenticity" and "accuracy".
This sequence establishes a logical progression of ideas, discussing the aims, detailing the primary aim (informing) through its execution and qualities, and fitting the secondary aim (entertaining) into the structure.
The correct order of the jumbled sentences is P, Q, R, S.
| Position | Sentence | Connection/Topic |
|---|---|---|
| S1 | Newspapers... aim to inform and to entertain. | Introduction of aims |
| P | Entertainment may be principally found... | Details the 'entertain' aim |
| Q | The principal aim... is to inform. | Introduces and details the 'inform' aim |
| R | Most newspapers are published daily... up-to-the minute news. | Explains requirement for timely news (part of informing) |
| S | In their news reports... create a sense of immediacy... latest. | Explains *how* immediacy is created (part of informing) |
| S6 | Reporters also wish to create a sense of authenticity... | Adds another quality of informing |
Revision Table: Key Connections in Sentence Arrangement
| Transition | Connecting Ideas |
|---|---|
| S1 → P | Introduction of aims (inform/entertain) followed by discussion of one aim (entertainment). |
| P → Q | Moving from the entertainment aim to the principal inform aim, contrasting their locations. |
| Q → R | Mention of news reports (Q) leads to discussion of reporters needing up-to-the-minute news (R). |
| R → S | Need for up-to-the-minute news (R) is explained by creating immediacy/latest news (S). |
| S → S6 | Qualities of news reporting: immediacy/latest (S) followed by authenticity/accuracy (S6). |
Additional Information: Tips for Paragraph Jumbling
Solving paragraph jumbling questions effectively involves looking for various types of connections between sentences:
- Opening and Closing Sentences: S1 and S6 often provide clues about the overall topic and the direction of the paragraph.
- Pronoun References: Look for pronouns (he, she, it, they, this, that, these, those) and identify the noun they refer to in a preceding sentence.
- Transition Words: Words or phrases like 'however', 'therefore', 'in addition', 'similarly', 'for example', 'but', 'also' indicate the relationship between sentences (contrast, cause/effect, addition, sequence).
- Keyword Repetition: Look for sentences that repeat keywords or ideas introduced in a previous sentence. For instance, 'news reports' in Q, R, and S.
- Logical Sequence: Identify the chronological, causal, or thematic order of events or ideas. In this paragraph, the order moves from general aims to specific methods of news reporting.
- Abbreviations and Full Forms: If an abbreviation is used, the full form usually appears first.
By carefully analyzing these links, you can reconstruct the original paragraph's structure and flow.
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