Read the below statements about enzymes and choose the correct option: 1. Enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction. Which of the above statements are correct?
2. Enzymes are specific to substrates due to active site configuration.
3. Enzyme activity is affected by pH and temperature.
Only 2 and 3 are correct
Statement 1: Incorrect. Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction, providing an alternative pathway with a lower energy barrier and thereby speeding up the reaction.
Statement 2: Correct. Each enzyme has a specifically shaped active site that fits only certain substrates (the lock-and-key / induced-fit model). This is why an enzyme typically catalyses one reaction or a small group of related reactions.
Statement 3: Correct. Enzyme activity peaks at an optimum pH and temperature; outside that range, the protein denatures or its ionisation state changes, reducing or stopping activity.
Hence only statements 2 and 3 are correct.
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