Portions of the DNA molecule useful for DNA typing/profiling
Are repeated many times
Only about 1–2% of human DNA codes for proteins, and these coding regions are nearly identical among individuals. DNA profiling therefore targets non-coding regions that vary greatly from person to person.
These regions consist of short sequences repeated many times in tandem – VNTRs (minisatellites, used in RFLP fingerprinting by Alec Jeffreys) and STRs (microsatellites, used in modern PCR-based profiling, e.g. CODIS loci). The number of repeats differs between individuals, giving highly discriminating profiles.
Protein-coding portions are conserved and of little discriminating value. Recombinant DNA and insulin production relate to genetic engineering and biotechnology, not to DNA typing. Hence the useful portions are those that are repeated many times.
Hence, the answer is Are repeated many times.
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