Which of the following are correct regarding adsorbents ? (a) Silica is more acidic (b) Alumina is more basic (c) Silica is good for the separation of acidic materials (d) Alumina is good for the separation of basic materials Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
(a) and (b) only
(a) and (b) only option is correct.
Adsorbents used in column and thin-layer chromatography differ in surface chemistry. Silica gel carries surface Si-OH groups, which give it a slightly acidic character. Alumina carries surface Al-O-Al and hydroxyl groups whose net behaviour is basic. That polarity difference decides which analytes each retains.
Because "like retains like" is a poor model here, the actual rule is opposite: an acidic silica surface interacts strongly with basic analytes and is therefore preferred for separating basic materials; a basic alumina surface retains acidic analytes better. Statements (c) and (d) therefore invert the correct usage. Only (a) and (b) are true.
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