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Question

One year at a planet is \(8\) times as large as compared to the one year at the Earth. Which one of the following is correct about the planet's orbit?

The correct answer is

The semimajor axis of the planet's orbit is four times as compared to that of the Earth.

To solve this question, we need to use Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion, which relates the period of orbit to the size of the orbit's semimajor axis. Kepler's Third Law is expressed mathematically as:

\(T^2 \propto a^3\)

Here, \(T\) is the orbital period (time taken for one complete orbit around the sun), and \(a\) is the semimajor axis of the planet's orbit. This law implies that the square of the period of orbit is directly proportional to the cube of the semimajor axis of the orbit.

Let's analyze the information given in the problem:

  • The period of orbit for the planet is 8 times that of Earth, i.e., \(T_{\text{planet}} = 8T_{\text{earth}}\).

Using Kepler's Third Law, we can write:

\({\left(\frac{T_{\text{planet}}}{T_{\text{earth}}}\right)^2 = \left(\frac{a_{\text{planet}}}{a_{\text{earth}}}\right)^3}\)

Substitute \(T_{\text{planet}} = 8T_{\text{earth}}\) into the equation:

\({\left(\frac{8T_{\text{earth}}}{T_{\text{earth}}}\right)^2 = \left(\frac{a_{\text{planet}}}{a_{\text{earth}}}\right)^3}\)

After simplification, this becomes:

\({8^2 = \left(\frac{a_{\text{planet}}}{a_{\text{earth}}}\right)^3}\)

\({64 = \left(\frac{a_{\text{planet}}}{a_{\text{earth}}}\right)^3}\)

Taking the cube root on both sides:

\(\sqrt[3]{64} = \frac{a_{\text{planet}}}{a_{\text{earth}}}\)

\(4 = \frac{a_{\text{planet}}}{a_{\text{earth}}}\)

This implies that the semimajor axis of the planet's orbit is 4 times that of Earth's.

Therefore, the correct answer is: The semimajor axis of the planet's orbit is four times as compared to that of the Earth.

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Important Questions from Kepler’s laws

  1. Two planets orbit the Sun in circular orbits, with their radius of orbit as R 1= R and R 2 = 4R. Ratio of their periods (T 1/T 2) around the Sun will be

  2. Which of the following laws represented by the formula T2/R3, compares the orbital period and radius of the orbit of a planet with that of other planets?

  3. A planet is at distance 'a' from the sun and its time period of revolution is T yrs. The planet suddenly cames to distance \(\rm\frac{a}{2}\) closer to the sun. The new time period of revolution is:

  4. Kepler’s law of “Areal Velocity is constant” is equivalent to law of conservation of

  5. If the earth is 1/4 of its present distance from the sun, then the duration of the year would be

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