Kaldor’s Non-linear Investment Function implies that
Marginal propensity to invest is small at both the high and low levels of economic activity
Nicholas Kaldor's trade cycle model (1940) replaces linear saving and investment functions with non-linear, S-shaped ones.
At low levels of economic activity there is a lot of idle capacity, so a rise in income induces very little extra investment. At high levels of activity, rising construction and borrowing costs and scarcity of resources also make investment respond weakly to income.
Only in the normal (middle) range does investment respond strongly to income. So the investment function is flat at both ends and steep in the middle: the marginal propensity to invest is small at both the high and the low levels of activity.
Combined with a saving function that is steep at the extremes, this gives multiple equilibria, with the middle one unstable, which generates cyclical movement of income.
Hence, the answer is Marginal propensity to invest is small at both the high and low levels of economic activity.
Arrange the following in descending order according to the extent of expenditure of Union Government in Budget 2023-24.
(i) Central Sector Schemes
(ii) Interest Payments
(iii) States' share of taxes and duties
(iv) Centrally sponsored schemes
What is the point elasticity when price is 12 rupees for the demand function P = 60 – 3q.
Match the following:
| List I | List II |
|---|---|
| (a) 12th Finance Commission | (i) Dr. Vijay Kelkar |
| (b) 13th Finance Commission | (ii) Dr. C. Rangarajan |
| (c) 14th Finance Commission | (iii) N. K. Singh |
| (d) 15th Finance Commission | (iv) Y. V. Reddy |
Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d)
Why does a firm under perfect competition continue to operate in the long run despite earning only normal/zero profits ?
When the Total Product (TP) is maximum, the Average Product (AP) is _____ and the Marginal Product (MP) is _____ .
What is the short run supply curve of a firm in a perfectly competitive market ?
According to Bergson-Samuelson social welfare function approach, social welfare is maximized when _____ .
In Chamberlin’s alternative approach, why does the excess capacity of a monopolistically competitive firm emerge ?
Which of the following term is more important in welfare economics and in designing government policy ?
To maintain price leadership, a dominant firm must ensure that _____ .
.................... is a client server application that identifies each host on the internet with a unique user-friendly name.
Every OS has a ................ or .......... which primarily resides in the main memory of the computer to perform some of the basic functions of the OS.
(i) Kernel
(ii) Interface
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Compiler
Codes:
Which of the following are referred to as low level language?
(i) Machine language
(ii) Assembly language
(iii) High level language
(iv) Natural language
Codes:
Match the following:
| List I | List II |
| (a) New York Public Library | (i) Shelv AR |
| (b) Miami University Augmented Research Group | (ii) Smart library |
| (c) Oula University Library | (iii) Wolf Walk |
| (d) North Carolina State University | (iv) Find the future |
Codes:
Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data?