In the following question, there is a sentence of which some parts have been jumbled up. You are required to rearrange these parts which are labelled P, Q, R and S to produce the correct sentence. Choose the proper sequence and mark the corresponding option. up to the end of the eighteenth century, not only because it was often fatal, (P) smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease, (Q) but also because those who recovered (R) were permanently disfigured (S) The correct sequence should be
QPRS
Understanding Jumbled Sentence Rearrangement
The question asks us to rearrange the given parts (P, Q, R, S) of a sentence to form a coherent and grammatically correct sentence. This type of question tests our understanding of sentence structure, grammar, and logical flow.
Analyzing the Jumbled Parts
Let's look at the individual parts:
- (P) up to the end of the eighteenth century, not only because it was often fatal,
- (Q) smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease,
- (R) but also because those who recovered
- (S) were permanently disfigured
We need to find the correct order that connects these fragments into a meaningful sentence.
Finding the Correct Sentence Sequence
A complete sentence usually starts with a subject and its main verb. Looking at the parts, (Q) "smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease," seems like a good starting point as it introduces the subject (smallpox) and the main statement about it.
The sentence discusses why smallpox was dreaded. The phrase "not only... but also..." is used to list two reasons. Part (P) contains "not only because it was often fatal," and part (R) contains "but also because those who recovered". These two parts should be connected logically.
Part (P) starts with a time phrase "up to the end of the eighteenth century," which likely modifies the main statement in (Q). So, (P) could potentially follow (Q).
Let's try combining Q and P: "smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease, up to the end of the eighteenth century, not only because it was often fatal,". This makes sense so far. It states the subject (smallpox), the context (dreaded disease), the time frame (up to the end of the eighteenth century), and the first reason for dread (often fatal).
Now we need the second part of the "not only... but also..." construction. (R) starts with "but also because those who recovered". This logically follows the first reason in (P). So, (R) should come after (P).
Finally, (S) "were permanently disfigured" describes what happened to those who recovered mentioned in (R). So, (S) should follow (R).
Putting this together, the sequence Q-P-R-S emerges:
Q: smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease,
P: up to the end of the eighteenth century, not only because it was often fatal,
R: but also because those who recovered
S: were permanently disfigured
Let's read the complete sentence formed by this sequence:
"smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease, up to the end of the eighteenth century, not only because it was often fatal, but also because those who recovered were permanently disfigured."
This forms a complete, grammatically correct, and logical sentence. Therefore, the correct sequence is QPRS.
Verifying the Options
Let's check the given options against our derived sequence:
- Option 1: PQRS - Starts with a subordinate clause. Incorrect.
- Option 2: QRSP - "smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease, but also because those who recovered were permanently disfigured up to the end of the eighteenth century, not only because it was often fatal,". Doesn't flow correctly. Incorrect.
- Option 3: PRSQ - Starts with a subordinate clause. Incorrect.
- Option 4: QPRS - Matches our derived sequence. Correct.
The correct sequence that forms a meaningful sentence is QPRS.
Revision Table: Sentence Rearrangement Practice
| Part | Fragment | Role in Sentence (QPRS) |
|---|---|---|
| Q | smallpox was a particularly dreaded disease, | Main clause (Subject + Verb + Complement) introducing the topic. |
| P | up to the end of the eighteenth century, not only because it was often fatal, | Time phrase and the first reason for the statement in Q, linked by "not only". |
| R | but also because those who recovered | Introduces the second reason, linked by "but also". |
| S | were permanently disfigured | Completes the second reason introduced in R. |
Additional Information: Understanding Complex Sentences
The sentence in this question is a complex sentence structure involving conjunctions ("not only... but also...") used to present multiple reasons or elements. When rearranging jumbled parts, look for:
- The main clause that contains the subject and principal verb. This often starts the sentence.
- Connecting words or phrases (like conjunctions, prepositions, adverbs) that link clauses or ideas together.
- Logical flow and meaning – the rearranged sentence must make sense.
- Pronoun references – pronouns (like "those who recovered") should clearly refer back to a noun already mentioned or understood.
Practicing with different types of jumbled sentences helps improve your ability to identify these structural cues and build coherent sentences.
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Important Questions from Sentence Jumbles
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S1: In mechanical efforts, you improve by perpetual practice.
S6: There is neither excuse nor temptation for the latter.
P: He cannot go on shooting wide or falling short, and still fancy that he is making progress.
Q: This is so because the object to be attained is a matter of actual experiment in which you either succeed or fail.
R: He must either correct his aim or persevere in his error with his eyes open.
S: If a man aims at a mark with a bow and arrow, he must either hit it or aim it.
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S1: Isaac’s mother married again.
S6: He had a set of little tools and saw of various sizes made by himself.
P: But he was known to be very clever at making things.
Q: She sent him to school.
R: Isaac was left to the care of his good old grandmother.
S: In his early years Isaac did not appear to be a very bright student.
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The following question consists of six sentences of a passage. The first and the sixth sentences are given in the beginning as S1 and S6. The middle four sentences in each have been jumbled up and labelled P, Q, R and S. You are required to find the proper sequence of the four sentences and mark your response accordingly.
S1: The examination system must be regarded as the chief wrecker of young nerves.
S6: If I become a Vice-Chancellor, my first act would be to abolish all examinations in my university.
P: It makes me jump out of the bed, all in a sweat.
Q: It does this by building up a tension, for a part of the year, all through one’s youth.
R: And after four decades, the same nervousness sometimes recurs to me in nightmares.
S: I remember the desperate nervousness that used to grip me from January to April every year.
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S1: History is a subject that is so little valued today that it is almost impossible to win world fame as a historian, yet that is exactly what Toynbee was able to.
S6: Among the civilizations that he studied was that of India.
P: We usually think of history as a chronological account of the development of various states and empires under the ruler.
Q: Toynbee’s view of history was different.
R: He tries to find the pattern behind the birth, growth and decay of civilization.
S: Though he used the recorded history of mankind, he was interested not merely in the chronology of single states or group but in the rise and fall of whole civilizations.
The correct sequence should be
