In Sangam literature, which of the following themes is primarily associated with the concept of ‘Puram’?
War, valor, and public life
Sangam literature (c. 300 BCE – 300 CE) is the earliest classical Tamil literature, composed at three Sangams (academies of poets) patronised by the Pandya kings at Madurai.
The Tolkappiyam, the earliest extant Tamil grammar, divides poetic themes into two broad categories — Akam and Puram.
Akam ("interior") deals with love, personal emotions and matters of the heart between individuals. Puram ("exterior") deals with everything outside the personal domain — war, valour, heroism, kingship, ethics, public life and eulogies of chieftains. The Purananuru is a well-known anthology of Puram poems.
Trade, commerce, rituals and sacrifices may appear as background, but the defining theme of Puram is war, valour and public life.
Hence, the answer is war, valor, and public life.
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'Manimegalai' a Buddhist work was inspired by the logical system of which philosopher?
The most defining literary features of the Sangam tradition are
A. Tamilakam
B. Puram
C. Prabandham
D. Akam
E. Sodh
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Match List I with List II
List I
List II
A.
Neithal
I.
Forest
B.
Mullai
II.
Dryland
C.
Palai
III.
Seashore
D.
Kurunji
IV.
Mountaineous land
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:Match List I with List II
List I
List II
(A)
Mullai
(I)
Arid rerrain
(B)
Palai
(II)
Riverine tract
(C)
Kurinchi
(III)
Pastoral region
(D)
Marutam
(IV)
Mountainous region
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Which of the following term was used for the salt traders in ancient Tamil region?
