In India, Project Tiger started in ________.
1973
Understanding Project Tiger in India
This question asks about the starting year of Project Tiger in India. Project Tiger is a major wildlife conservation initiative launched by the Government of India.
What is Project Tiger?
Project Tiger is a centrally sponsored scheme managed by the National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA). Its main goal is to conserve the Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) in India and protect its habitat.
The project aims to ensure a viable population of tigers in their natural habitats, preserving areas of biological importance as a natural heritage for the benefit of the people.
History and Launch of Project Tiger
The tiger population in India faced a severe decline in the 20th century due to hunting and habitat loss. Recognizing this critical situation, the Indian government decided to take significant steps for tiger conservation.
Based on the recommendations of a special task force, Project Tiger was officially launched. The launch involved the establishment of tiger reserves in various parts of the country.
When Did Project Tiger Start?
Project Tiger was inaugurated on April 1, 1973. It was launched from the Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand (then Uttar Pradesh).
Initially, the project covered nine tiger reserves spanning an area of ${9}$,${115}$ square kilometers. Over the years, the number of tiger reserves and the area covered under the project have expanded significantly.
Analyzing the Options
Let's look at the given options:
- 1992
- 1979
- 1982
- 1973
Based on historical records and information about the launch of major conservation initiatives in India, Project Tiger commenced in 1973.
Key Milestones for Project Tiger
| Year | Event/Milestone |
|---|---|
| 1973 | Project Tiger officially launched. |
| 1973-74 | Nine original Tiger Reserves established. |
| 2006 | National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) constituted under the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. |
| Present | Number of Tiger Reserves increased, tiger population census conducted periodically. |
Conclusion
Project Tiger, a landmark conservation program aimed at protecting the national animal of India, the tiger, began in 1973. This makes the year 1973 the correct answer.
Revision Table: Project Tiger Facts
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Initiative | Project Tiger |
| Launch Year | 1973 |
| Purpose | Tiger conservation and habitat protection in India |
| Governing Body | National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) |
| First Reserve | Jim Corbett National Park (among others) |
Additional Information on Tiger Conservation in India
Tiger conservation efforts in India have evolved significantly since the launch of Project Tiger. Key elements include:
- Habitat Protection: Protecting core tiger habitats and establishing buffer zones.
- Anti-Poaching Measures: Strengthening surveillance and law enforcement to combat illegal hunting.
- Relocation: Voluntary relocation of villages from core areas of tiger reserves to minimise human-animal conflict and provide undisturbed habitat.
- Corridor Management: Protecting and managing corridors that connect different tiger habitats, allowing for tiger movement.
- Monitoring: Regular monitoring of tiger populations using methods like camera trapping and pugmark analysis (historically).
- Community Involvement: Engaging local communities in conservation efforts.
These comprehensive strategies have helped in stabilizing and, in many areas, increasing the tiger population in India, making Project Tiger a globally recognized conservation success story.
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