In April 2017, India celebrated 100 years of Mahatma Gandhi's
Satyagraha in Champaran
Understanding Mahatma Gandhi's Historic Anniversaries
The question asks about an event in Mahatma Gandhi's life whose 100th anniversary was celebrated in April 2017. To find the correct answer, we need to identify which of the given events took place in April 1917.
Analyzing the Options and Timelines
Let's look at the years when the events mentioned in the options occurred:
- Satyagraha in Kheda: This movement took place in 1918. Therefore, its 100th anniversary would have been in 2018, not 2017.
- Dandi March: Also known as the Salt March, this iconic event happened in 1930. Its 100th anniversary will be in 2030.
- Satyagraha in Champaran: This was Mahatma Gandhi's first major Satyagraha movement in India. It began in April 1917 in response to the grievances of indigo farmers in Bihar. The 100th anniversary of an event from April 1917 would indeed fall in April 2017.
- Return from South Africa: Mahatma Gandhi returned to India from South Africa on January 9, 1915. The 100th anniversary of this event was in 2015.
The Champaran Satyagraha (April 1917)
The Champaran Satyagraha was a pivotal moment. Gandhi arrived in Champaran to investigate the conditions of farmers who were forced to grow indigo under the 'tinakathia' system, where they had to cultivate indigo on 3/20ths of their land and sell it at prices fixed by the British planters. Gandhi's non-violent resistance, involving detailed surveys, collection of farmer testimonies, and defiance of official orders, led to the eventual abolition of the oppressive system. This movement started in April 1917, making its 100th anniversary celebration in April 2017 historically accurate.
Conclusion
Based on the timelines, the event whose 100th anniversary was celebrated in April 2017 is the Satyagraha in Champaran, as it commenced in April 1917.
Revision Table: Key Gandhi Events
| Event | Year Started | Significance | 100th Anniversary Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Return from South Africa | 1915 (Jan) | Marks Gandhi's arrival in India to join the freedom struggle. | 2015 |
| Satyagraha in Champaran | 1917 (April) | First major Satyagraha in India against oppressive indigo cultivation. | 2017 |
| Satyagraha in Kheda | 1918 | Peasant movement against revenue collection in famine-hit region. | 2018 |
| Dandi March (Salt March) | 1930 | Civil disobedience against British salt tax. | 2030 |
Additional Information: Gandhi's Early Satyagrahas in India
After returning to India, Mahatma Gandhi initially spent time understanding the Indian situation. His first three major interventions using the Satyagraha technique were:
- Champaran Satyagraha (1917): Focused on the issues of indigo farmers in Bihar. It was his first application of Satyagraha on Indian soil to address a major local grievance.
- Ahmedabad Mill Strike (1918): Supported mill workers in Ahmedabad demanding better wages and working conditions. Gandhi used fasting as a method of protest for the first time here.
- Kheda Satyagraha (1918): Aided peasants in Kheda, Gujarat, who were unable to pay land revenue due to crop failure. Gandhi advised them to withhold revenue payments and advocated for non-violent resistance.
These early movements helped establish Gandhi as a leader of the masses and popularised the method of Satyagraha in the Indian freedom struggle.
Similar Questions
Consider the following statements about the issue of the separate electorate during the early decades of the twentieth century in India as a means to secure adequate representation for the deprived social categories in the absence of a universal adult franchise:
1. The All India Depressed Classes Association of M.C. Rajah was staunchly in favour of a joint electorate.
2. The All India Depressed Classes Leaders' Conference demanded a separate electorate.
3. The Communal Award in September 1932 recognised the right to separate the electorate for the 'untouchables'.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Consider the following Women's Associations and their important associates in early twentieth century India:
1. Women's Indian Association of 1917 : Margaret Cousins
2. National Council of Women in India of 1925 : Sarala Devi Chaudhuran
3. Bharat Stree Mahamandal of 1910 : Lady Meherbai Tata
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
Consider the following statements with reference to the Bhoodan Movement:
1. Vinoba Bhave organized "The Sarvodaya Samaj' to take up the work of non-violent transformation in India
2. Jayaprakash Narayan withdrew from active politics to join the Bhoodan Movement in 1953
3. In the wake of the Bhoodan Movement the first donation of land was made in the village of Pochampalli in Telangana
How many of the statements given above is/are correct?
Important Questions from Other Dimensions
Which of the following statements is correct regarding Tebhaga Movement?
1. This movement was organized by the Kisan Sabha.
2. It was against Jotedars and moneylenders
3. It was led by Swami Sadanand
In 1937 in the Daundi-Lohara Zamindari there was a peasant movement, in which the peasants observed Satyagraha under the leadership of who of the following?
In which of the following countries did the concept of Public Interest Litigation originate?
Who wrote the following comments regarding social change in the nineteenth century?
"All progress in social liberation tends to be a change from the law of status to the law of contract, from the restraints of family and caste, customs to the self-imposed restraints of the free will of the individual"
What is formal Education? Choose the correct alternative given below.
(a) In teaching methodology, the classroom teaching method and direct presence of teacher to teach is important.
(b) The curriculum is pre-decided.
(c) The curriculum is prepared as per need.
(d) There are different levels. The access to the next level of education is not possible without completion of the prior level of education.
