In a pneumatic system, the placement of an air receiver tank after the compressor and before the distribution lines serves several critical functions. Let us explore the reasoning behind this setup and its importance in the system.

1. Storage of Compressed Air: The air receiver tank acts as a reservoir that stores compressed air. This storage capability is essential for meeting peak demands by providing a buffer of compressed air that can be used when the demand is high. This ensures that the system can run smoothly without overburdening the compressor at all times.
2. Pressure Stability: One of the primary purposes of an air receiver tank is to maintain pressure stability within the pneumatic system. By acting as a buffer, it smoothens out the fluctuations in air pressure that occur due to sudden changes in demand or compressor cycling, thus ensuring a consistent and reliable delivery of compressed air.
3. Reduction of Compressor Cycling: With an air receiver tank in place, the compressor does not have to start and stop as frequently, which reduces wear and tear and extends the lifespan of the compressor. Fewer cycles also mean reduced energy consumption over time.
4. Correct Answer Justification: Given the options, the correct choice is "To store compressed air and maintain pressure stability." This aptly describes the primary functions of an air receiver tank in a pneumatic system.
5. Ruling out Other Options:
   • To lubricate pneumatic tools in operation cycles: The air receiver tank is not designed for lubrication purposes. Separate devices or methods are typically used for such tasks in a pneumatic system.
   • To reduce energy consumption of air compressor: While the tank does indirectly aid in reducing energy consumption by reducing compressor cycling, its primary function is storage and pressure stability.
   • To filter out dust particles from compressed air: Filtration is usually handled by filters and dryers, not the air receiver tank.