Directions (Q. Nos. 98 to 100) : A randomized experiment was done for a year by randomly assigning each participant either to walk for half an hour three times a week or to sit quietly reading a book for half an hour three times a week. The participants’ blood pressure was measured over the year. At the end of the year the change was compared for the two groups.
If a statistically significant difference in blood pressure change at the end of a year for the two activities was found, then :
It can be concluded that the difference in activity caused a difference in the change in blood pressure because of the way the study was done
Random assignment spreads all other influences (age, diet, stress, genes and so on) evenly between the groups by chance, so a statistically significant difference between groups in a randomized experiment can be attributed to the treatment itself.
Because the study was a randomized experiment, confounding variables over the year affect both groups alike, and participants did not choose their activity, so people with high blood pressure could not select reading; therefore a cause-and-effect conclusion is justified by the way the study was done.
The confounding and reverse-selection arguments apply to observational studies, not to randomized experiments, and the causal conclusion follows from the design and the significance test rather than from the personal opinion of the researcher.
Hence, It can be concluded that the difference in activity caused a difference in the change in blood pressure because of the way the study was done.
Similar Questions
Which newspaper in UK was caught in the controversy of hacking phones of celebrities and politicians?
In the context of media studies, what does the term 'representation' mean?
Who among the following theorists say that people play with media like a toy?
Robert Hutchins' Commission report gave rise to which among the following theory?
Which among the following newspaper was first ridiculed as the 'Penny Press'?
Which among below is a famous district newspaper of Satara in Maharashtra?
Ajit Balakrishnan built which among the earliest Indian Web Portals?
Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar published Saint Tukaram Maharaj's stanza (Abhang) in which of his newspaper's masthead?
Who was the founder of the news agency 'Hindustan Samachar'?
Who is the author of the book 'Checkmate : How the BJP won & lost Maharashtra'?
Important Questions from Mixed Topic (MH-SET)
.................... is a client server application that identifies each host on the internet with a unique user-friendly name.
Every OS has a ................ or .......... which primarily resides in the main memory of the computer to perform some of the basic functions of the OS.
(i) Kernel
(ii) Interface
(iii) Nucleus
(iv) Compiler
Codes:
Which of the following are referred to as low level language?
(i) Machine language
(ii) Assembly language
(iii) High level language
(iv) Natural language
Codes:
Match the following:
List I List II (a) New York Public Library (i) Shelv AR (b) Miami University Augmented Research Group (ii) Smart library (c) Oula University Library (iii) Wolf Walk (d) North Carolina State University (iv) Find the future Codes:
Which part of the QR code represents the encoded data?
