How many triangles are present in the given figure?
The figure is composed of three types of lines:
For a triangle to be formed, we need three non-parallel lines that do not all intersect at the same point.
Each intersection of a horizontal line and a vertical line (a "grid point") represents a potential triangle vertex when paired with the diagonal. There are:
$ 5 \text{ (horizontal lines)} \times 5 \text{ (vertical lines)} = 25 \text{ intersection points} $
However, if a horizontal line, a vertical line, and the diagonal line all meet at the same point, they do not form a triangle (the area is zero). In a $4 \times 4$ grid (5 lines by 5 lines) where the diagonal connects opposite corners, the diagonal passes exactly through the grid points where the indices are equal (e.g., $(0,0), (1,1), (2,2), (3,3), (4,4)$).
The number of triangles is the total number of intersections minus the number of points where the lines are concurrent:
$ \text{Total Triangles} = 25 - 5 = 20 $
In Panel I of the figure below, the front view and top view of a structure are shown. Which one of the 3D structures shown in Panel II possesses the views shown in Panel I?

Three different views of a dice are shown in the figure below.

The piece of paper that can be folded to make this dice is
An opaque cylinder (shown below) is suspended in the path of a parallel beam of light, such that its shadow is cast on a screen oriented perpendicular to the direction of the light beam. The cylinder can be reoriented in any direction within the light beam. Under these conditions, which one of the shadows P, Q, R, and S is NOT possible?
The figure shows a grid formed by a collection of unit squares. The unshaded unit square in the grid represents a hole. 
What is the maximum number of squares without a "hole in the interior" that can be formed within the 4 × 4 grid using the unit squares as building blocks?