Assertion (A) : Prehistoric archaeology reconstructs the culture of past mankind.
Reason (R) : Reconstruction is done through the artifacts
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
Assertion (A) states that prehistoric archaeology reconstructs the culture of past mankind. This is correct. Prehistoric archaeology specifically deals with human history before the invention of writing systems. Its primary goal is to understand and reconstruct the ways of life, beliefs, and social structures (i.e., culture) of people from these ancient periods using the available material evidence.
Reason (R) states that reconstruction is done through artifacts. This is also correct. Artifacts, which are objects made or modified by humans (like tools, pottery, weapons), are the main source of information for prehistoric archaeologists. By studying these artifacts, archaeologists infer details about technology, diet, social organization, and rituals of past populations.
Reason (R) directly explains how Assertion (A) is achieved. The reconstruction of past culture mentioned in (A) is accomplished by analyzing the artifacts discovered, as stated in (R). Therefore, the artifacts serve as the evidence base for the reconstruction process.
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are factually correct statements. Furthermore, Reason (R) provides the correct method and basis for the statement made in Assertion (A). Thus, (R) is a valid explanation of (A).
The most appropriate answer is that both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Match List - I with List - II.
| List - I (Author) | List - II (Books) |
|---|---|
| A. Bronislaw Malinowski | I. Europe and the People Without History |
| B. Leslie White | II. Theory of Culture Change : The Methodology of Unilinear Evolution |
| C. Eric Wolf | III. Argonauts of the Western Pacific |
| D. Julian Steward | IV. The Science of culture : A study of Man and Civilization |
Match List - I with List - II.
| List - I (Author) | List - II (Book) |
|---|---|
| A. H.D. Sankalia | I. An outline of India Prehistory |
| B. P. Mitra | II. Prehistoric India |
| C. T.N. Roy | III. Prehistory and Protohistory of India |
| D. D.K. Bhattacharya | IV. The story of Indian Archaeology |
Morgenthau's principles of political realism are:
A. Politics is rooted in permanent and unchanging human nature which is basically self centred, self-regarding and self-interested
B. Politics is an autonomous sphere of action and cannot therefore be reduced to morals
C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?