DNA Complementary Strand Identification
To determine the complementary DNA strand, two key principles are applied:
- Base Pairing Rules: Adenine (A) always pairs with Thymine (T), and Guanine (G) always pairs with Cytosine (C).
- Antiparallel Orientation: DNA strands are antiparallel, meaning they run in opposite directions. If one strand proceeds from 5' to 3', the complementary strand proceeds from 3' to 5'.
Deriving the Complementary Strand
The given DNA strand is 5'-TAGGCAT-3'.
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Determine Complementary Bases: Apply the base pairing rules to each base in the given strand:
- T pairs with A
- A pairs with T
- G pairs with C
- G pairs with C
- C pairs with G
- A pairs with T
- T pairs with A
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Incorporate Antiparallel Direction: The original strand runs 5' to 3'. Therefore, the complementary strand must run in the opposite direction, from 3' to 5'.
Combining the complementary bases with the correct orientation yields: 3'-ATCCGTA-5'.
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