What is the general formula of alkenes?
$C_n H_2n$
The question is about identifying the general formula of alkenes, which is a topic in organic chemistry, specifically concerning hydrocarbons. Alkenes are a class of hydrocarbons that have at least one carbon-carbon double bond.
To determine the general formula of alkenes, let's break down the structure:
- Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons, meaning they have carbon-carbon double bonds.
- They follow the formula C_nH_{2n}, where n is the number of carbon atoms.
- The presence of the double bond reduces the number of hydrogen atoms compared to alkanes (which are saturated and follow the formula C_nH_{2n+2}).
Explanation of options:
- C_nH_{2n}: This is the correct formula as it accounts for the double bond in alkenes, balancing carbon and hydrogen ratio appropriately.
- C_nH_{2n-2}: This formula corresponds to alkynes, which have a triple bond, hence fewer hydrogen atoms than alkenes.
- C_nH_n: Does not follow any standard hydrocarbon formula and is incorrect for alkenes.
- C_nH_{2n+2}: This formula represents alkanes, which are fully saturated hydrocarbons without double bonds.
Conclusion: The correct general formula for alkenes is C_nH_{2n}, which accounts for the carbon-carbon double bonds within the hydrocarbon chain, distinguishing them from other classes like alkanes and alkynes.
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