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Question

Four hills H1, H2, H3, and H4 are present in an area. The following observations are made about them:

i. Neither H2 nor H3 is the easternmost hill.
ii. Neither H2 nor H3 is the westernmost hill.
iii. Neither the easternmost hill nor the westernmost hill is the southernmost hill.
iv. Two hills are located to the west of H2.
v. The southernmost hill has at least two hills to its east.

The southernmost hill is ________.

The correct answer is
H3

Hill Arrangement Logic Puzzle

We need to determine the positions of four hills (H1, H2, H3, H4) based on the given clues and identify the southernmost hill.

East-West Positioning

Let's denote the positions from West to East as 1, 2, 3, 4.

  • Clues (i) and (ii) state that neither H2 nor H3 is the easternmost (position 4) or westernmost (position 1). So, H2 and H3 can only be in positions 2 or 3.
  • Clue (iv) states that two hills are to the west of H2. This means H2 cannot be in position 1 or 2. H2 must be at least in position 3.
  • Combining these deductions: H2 cannot be 1, 2, or 4. Therefore, H2 must be in position 3. The order is: _ , _ , H2 , _ (West to East).
  • Since H3 cannot be 1 or 4 (clues i, ii) and cannot be 3 (H2 is there), H3 must be in position 2. The order is: _ , H3 , H2 , _ (West to East).
  • This leaves H1 and H4 for positions 1 and 4. The arrangement is [H1/H4] , H3 , H2 , [H1/H4].

North-South Positioning

Now let's determine the southernmost hill using North-South clues.

  • Clue (iii) states that the easternmost (position 4) and westernmost (position 1) hills are not the southernmost.
  • Clue (v) states that the southernmost hill has at least two hills to its east.
    • If the southernmost hill was H2 (position 3), it would only have one hill (position 4) to its east. This violates clue (v).
    • If the southernmost hill was the hill at position 4 (easternmost), it would have zero hills to its east. This violates clue (v).
    • Therefore, the southernmost hill must be either the hill at position 1 or position 2 (West to East).
  • From clue (iii), the hill at position 1 is not southernmost.
  • This leaves only the hill at position 2 as the potential southernmost hill.
  • The hill at position 2 is H3.

Conclusion

Based on the deductions:

  • The East-West order is [H1/H4], H3, H2, [H1/H4].
  • The southernmost hill cannot be the westernmost (position 1) or easternmost (position 4) hill (Clue iii).
  • The southernmost hill cannot be H2 (position 3) as it doesn't have two hills to its east (Clue v).
  • The only remaining hill that satisfies all conditions, including having at least two hills to its east (H2 and the hill at pos 4), is H3 (position 2).

Therefore, H3 is the southernmost hill.

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Important Questions from Puzzles

  1. In the 4 x 4 array shown below, each cell of the first three rows has either a cross (X) or a number.
     

    1X43
    X554
    3X6X
        


    The number in a cell represents the count of the immediate neighboring cells (left, right, top, bottom, diagonals) NOT having a cross (X). Given that the last row has no crosses (X), the sum of the four numbers to be filled in the last row is

  2. Three children P, Q, R and two grown-ups X, Y play a badminton doubles tournament. X and Y are parents to two of the children playing. The child of X is not the same as the child of Y. Exactly one of the children does not have a parent playing in the tournament. The following rules are followed:
    (i) A parent and his/her child cannot be on the same team.
    (ii) A match can feature at most one parent and his/her child, that is, a maximum of one parent-child pair can play in a match.
    The following matches were played:
    TEAM 1TEAM 2
    MATCH 1P and XQ and R
    MATCH 2P and RX and Y
    MATCH 3R and XQ and Y

    Which one of the following options is correct?
  3. Rishi and Swathi are students of Class 5. Pavan and Tanvi are students of Class 4. Rishi and Pavan are boys. Swathi and Tanvi are girls. The four students played a total of three games of chess. The games were played one after another. A player who lost a game did not participate in any more games. It was observed that:
    (i) the first game was the only game where two students of the same class played against each other,
    (ii) the students of Class 5 won more games than the students of Class 4, and
    (iii) the boys won two games and the girls won one game.
    The student who did not lose any game is __________.
  4. In the 2020 summer Olympics’ Javelin throw finals, Neeraj Chopra exhibited a spectacular performance to win the gold medal. The silver medal was won by Jakub Vadlejch and the bronze medal was won by Vitezlav Vesely. There were six rounds of throws with each athlete having one throw per round. The best of all the throws of each athlete is considered for the medal. Following were the observations about the throws:
    i. The first and second rounds were dominated by Neeraj Chopra with a gold medal performance in his second throw, while the other two athletes did not have any medal winning throws in these rounds.
    ii. The throws in the last round by both Jakub Vadlejch and Vitezlav Vesely were fouls and were not considered for scoring.
    iii. After four rounds, Vitezlav Vesely was in the second position and could not improve upon his best throw in the succeeding rounds.
    iv. In the fourth round, the throw by Jakub Vadlejch was the best in that round.

    In which round did Vitezlav Vesely have his best throw?
  5. Students applying for hostel rooms are allotted rooms in order of seniority. Students already staying in a room will move if they get a room in their preferred list. Preferences of lower ranked applicants are ignored during allocation.
    Given the data below, which room will Ajit stay in?

    NamesStudent seniorityCurrent roomRoom preference list
    Amar1PR, S, Q
    Akbar2NoneR, S
    Anthony3QP
    Ajit4SQ, P, R
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