During 1911-1921, what kind of population growth was recorded in India?
Negative population growth
The decade 1911 to 1921 stands out as a unique phase in the demographic history of modern India when the census data are examined.
It was the only intercensal decade in which India recorded a negative population growth, meaning the total population actually fell rather than rising as in every other decade.
The chief cause was the devastating influenza pandemic of 1918, often called the Spanish Flu, which killed millions of people across the subcontinent in a very short span.
This was compounded by widespread famines, food shortages and other epidemics such as plague and cholera, together with the effects of the First World War years.
Because deaths outnumbered births during this period, the growth rate turned negative, which is why the phase is distinct from later decades of high growth or the post-1951 population explosion.
Options describing high, steady or explosive growth do not fit, since these describe expansion whereas this decade saw an actual decline.
Therefore the answer is Negative population growth.
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