Directions: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled (a), (b) and (c). Read each sentence to find out whether there is any error in any underlined part. Indicate your response in the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d). (a) When a gas is (b) cooled down it turns into a liquid (c) from a process called condensation. (d) No Error
C
Understanding the Question: Identifying Grammar Errors
This question asks us to examine a sentence divided into three parts, labelled (a), (b), and (c), to find any grammatical errors. If no error is found in any of the parts, the answer is (d).
Analyzing the Sentence on Condensation
Let's look at the sentence provided:
(a) When a gas is (b) cooled down it turns into a liquid (c) from a process called condensation. (d) No Error
We need to analyze each underlined part carefully for any issues related to grammar, usage, or structure.
Evaluation of Part (a): "When a gas is"
This part introduces a condition or a time clause. "When a gas is cooled down..." uses the passive voice ("is cooled down"), which is perfectly acceptable here as the focus is on the gas undergoing the process. There appears to be no grammatical error in this part.
Evaluation of Part (b): "cooled down it turns into a liquid"
This part describes what happens to the gas when it is cooled down. "it turns into a liquid" correctly describes the transformation of the gas into a liquid. The phrase "cooled down" continues the condition from part (a). The phrasing and structure seem correct. There appears to be no grammatical error in this part.
Evaluation of Part (c): "from a process called condensation."
This part explains how the transformation from gas to liquid happens. The phrase "from a process called condensation" uses the preposition 'from'. However, when describing the means or the way something happens, especially a transformation that occurs as a result of a process, prepositions like 'through' or 'by' are generally more appropriate than 'from'. The gas turns into a liquid through the process of condensation, or by means of the process of condensation.
Using 'from' suggests origin, like coming out of a place or source. In the context of a process causing a change, 'through' or 'by' is the correct preposition to indicate the process is the medium or method of transformation.
Therefore, the preposition 'from' in part (c) is used incorrectly.
Identifying the Error
Based on the analysis, the error lies in part (c) due to the incorrect use of the preposition 'from'. The sentence should ideally read: "When a gas is cooled down, it turns into a liquid through a process called condensation." or "...by a process called condensation."
Conclusion
The error is found in part (c). Therefore, the correct option indicating the part with the error is (c).
| Part | Text | Analysis | Error? |
|---|---|---|---|
| (a) | When a gas is | Introductory clause, passive voice correctly used. | No |
| (b) | cooled down it turns into a liquid | Describes the result of cooling; state change described correctly. | No |
| (c) | from a process called condensation. | Incorrect preposition 'from' used to describe the process as the means of change. Should be 'through' or 'by'. | Yes |
| (d) | No Error | This option is incorrect as an error is found in part (c). | N/A |
Revision Table: Key Grammar Concepts
| Concept | Explanation | Example Usage |
|---|---|---|
| Prepositions | Words (like 'in', 'on', 'at', 'by', 'through', 'from') that link nouns/pronouns to other words in a sentence, showing relationships (location, time, manner, etc.). | He walked to the store. She finished by noon. The change happened through heat. |
| Passive Voice | Subject receives the action (e.g., is cooled, is eaten). Formed with a form of 'be' + past participle. Useful when the action or object is more important than the doer. | The gas is cooled. (Focus on the gas) The cake was eaten by him. |
| Condensation | The process where a gas changes into a liquid when it is cooled. | Water vapour turns into liquid water through condensation. |
Additional Information: Prepositions and Processes
Choosing the correct preposition is vital for clear communication in English. When referring to a process or method by which something happens, 'through' and 'by' are common prepositions. 'Through' emphasizes the process as a passage or channel, while 'by' emphasizes the process as the agent or means. 'From' typically indicates origin, source, or cause, but less commonly the method of transformation in this context.
For instance:
- Energy is produced through nuclear fusion.
- The message was sent by email.
- He learned English through practice.
- Water evaporates from the surface. (Here 'from' indicates source)
In the sentence about condensation, "turning into a liquid" happens through or by means of the condensation process.
Important Questions from Error Spotting
Direction: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled (a), (b) and (c) Read each sentence to determine whether there is an error in any underlined part and indicate your response in the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
A honest mistake (a) / is no more than that; (b) / just an honest mistake. (c) / No error (d)Direction: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled (a), (b) and (c) Read each sentence to determine whether there is any error in any underlined part and indicate your response in the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
A company of five thousand soldiers , (a) / having marched tirelessly for over five days , (b) / have just moved into their cantonment . (c) / No error (d)Direction: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled (a), (b) and (c) Read each sentence to determine whether there is an error in any underlined part and indicate your response in the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
Every person who believes in principles (a) / must stand up to fight (b) / for their convictions . (c) / No error (d)Direction: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled (a), (b) and (c) Read each sentence to determine whether there is any error in any underlined part and indicate your response in the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
The Olympic Games reflects(a) / the highest spirit of (b) / human endeavour and achievement . (c) / No error (d)Direction: Each item in this section has a sentence with three underlined parts labelled (a), (b) and (c) Read each sentence to determine whether there is an error in any underlined part and indicate your response in the Answer Sheet against the corresponding letter, i.e., (a) or (b) or (c). If you find no error, your response should be indicated as (d).
The principal of the school (a) / stressed the need for discipline (b) / amongst the students. (c) / No error (d)
