Critical Theory is a philosophical and sociological approach focused on critiquing and changing society, rather than just understanding it.
Origins: It largely developed from the ideas of the Frankfurt School, a group of German thinkers associated with the Institute for Social Research founded in Frankfurt in the 1920s.
Key Figures & Focus: Prominent members included Max Horkheimer, Theodor W. Adorno, Herbert Marcuse, and later Jürgen Habermas. They combined insights from philosophy (like Hegel and Marx) and sociology to analyze culture, capitalism, and power structures.
Synonymy: Due to its strong association and development within this group, the perspective and methods of the Frankfurt School are often considered synonymous with Critical Theory, especially in its foundational stages.
Therefore, "The Frankfurt school perspective" is a correct synonym for Critical Theory.
Match the LIST-I with LIST-II
| LIST–I (Role of Education) | LIST–II (Perspective) | |
|---|---|---|
| A. Transmission of society's norms and values. | I. Marxist | |
| B. To foster overall development and to develop talents to the full. | II. Functionalist | |
| C. To transmit the general ruling class ideology. | III. Cultural Deprivation | |
| D. Uniform state education would not provide everyone with equal chance. | IV. Liberalist |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: