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Question

Birth rates and Death rates per thousand :

YearBirth rateDeath rate
196190 20
19718818
19818217
19917816
20017514
20117012
20216010

From the above table in which years do you see the difference between Birth rate and Death rate the same ?

The correct answer is

1961, 1971

The quantity asked for is the gap between the two columns, which demographers call the rate of natural increase. Work it out for every row.

1961: \(90 - 20 = 70\). 1971: \(88 - 18 = 70\). 1981: \(82 - 17 = 65\). 1991: \(78 - 16 = 62\).

2001: \(75 - 14 = 61\). 2011: \(70 - 12 = 58\). 2021: \(60 - 10 = 50\).

The full list of differences is 70, 70, 65, 62, 61, 58 and 50. Only the first two values repeat, so the pair of years sharing an identical difference is 1961 and 1971.

The remaining options can be dismissed from the same list: 2011 and 2021 give 58 against 50, 2001 and 2011 give 61 against 58, and 1971 and 1981 give 70 against 65.

Hence the difference between the birth rate and the death rate is the same in the years 1961 and 1971.

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