"Alauddin Khilji's economic measures aimed at centralising political authority in the Delhi Sultanate." Elucidate.
Alauddin Khilji’s economic measures were designed less for efficiency than for centralizing political authority in the Delhi Sultanate. His priority was sustaining a large, loyal army capable of countering Mongol threats and suppressing rebellions without exhausting the treasury. By instituting strict market controls and regulating prices of essentials like grain, cloth, and horses, soldiers could subsist on lower wages, reducing state expenditure while expanding military recruitment.
These regulations curtailed profiteering by merchants and checked the economic influence of nobles, weakening rival power bases. The elaborate administrative machinery created to monitor prices, ration supplies, and enforce compliance extended state authority into the economic sphere. Simultaneously, revenue reforms standardized assessments and curbed intermediaries, ensuring greater control over agrarian surplus. Collectively, these measures reinforced the Sultan’s supremacy, expanded bureaucratic oversight, and embedded the economy into the centralizing framework of Khilji’s regime.
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