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A cylindrical conductor of length 2 m and area of cross-section $0.2 \text{ mm}^2$ carries an electric current of 1.6 A when its ends are connected to a 2 V battery. Mobility of electrons in the conductor is $\alpha \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^2\text{/V.s}$. The value of $\alpha$ is :
(electron concentration $= 5 \times 10^{28} \text{/m}^3$ and electron charge = $1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C}$)

Calculate Electron Mobility in a Cylindrical Conductor

This solution details the steps to find the electron mobility ($\mu$) in a conductor based on its electrical properties and dimensions.

Given Parameters

  • Length, $L = 2 \text{ m}$
  • Area, $A = 0.2 \text{ mm}^2 = 0.2 \times 10^{-6} \text{ m}^2 = 2 \times 10^{-7} \text{ m}^2$
  • Current, $I = 1.6 \text{ A}$
  • Voltage, $V = 2 \text{ V}$
  • Electron concentration, $n = 5 \times 10^{28} \text{ m}^{-3}$
  • Electron charge, $e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C}$
  • Mobility expression, $\mu = \alpha \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^2\text{/V.s}$

Calculation Steps

Step 1: Calculate Electric Field ($E$)

The electric field inside the conductor is calculated using the voltage and length.

$ E = \frac{V}{L} = \frac{2 \text{ V}}{2 \text{ m}} = 1 \text{ V/m} $

Step 2: Calculate Current Density ($J$)

Current density is the current per unit area.

$ J = \frac{I}{A} = \frac{1.6 \text{ A}}{2 \times 10^{-7} \text{ m}^2} = 0.8 \times 10^{7} \text{ A/m}^2 = 8 \times 10^{6} \text{ A/m}^2 $

Step 3: Calculate Electron Mobility ($\mu$)

The relationship between current density, electron concentration, charge, and mobility is given by $J = n e \mu E$. We rearrange this to solve for $\mu$.

$ \mu = \frac{J}{n e E} $

Substitute the calculated and given values:

$ \mu = \frac{8 \times 10^{6} \text{ A/m}^2}{(5 \times 10^{28} \text{ m}^{-3}) \times (1.6 \times 10^{-19} \text{ C}) \times (1 \text{ V/m})} $

$ \mu = \frac{8 \times 10^{6}}{8 \times 10^{9}} \text{ m}^2\text{/V.s} $

$ \mu = 1 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^2\text{/V.s} $

Step 4: Determine the value of $\alpha$

The calculated mobility is $\mu = 1 \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^2\text{/V.s}$. The problem states the mobility is $\alpha \times 10^{-3} \text{ m}^2\text{/V.s}$. Comparing these two expressions, we find:

$ \alpha = 1 $

Final Answer

The value of $\alpha$ is 1.

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Similar Questions

  1. The electric field of a plane electromagnetic wave, travelling in an unknown non-magnetic medium is given by,
    $E_y = 20 \sin(3 \times 10^6 x - 4.5 \times 10^{14} t) \text{ V/m}$
    (where x, t and other values have S.I. units). The dielectric constant of the medium is _________.
    (speed of light in free space is $3 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s}$)
  2. A short bar magnet placed with its axis at $30^\circ$ with an external field of 800 Gauss, experiences a torque of 0.016 N.m. The work done in moving it from most stable to most unstable position is $\alpha \times 10^{-3} \text{ J}$. The value of $\alpha$ is ______.
  3. Three parallel plate capacitors each with area $A$ and separation $d$ are filled with two dielectric ($k_1$ and $k_2$) in the following fashion. Which of the following is true? ($k_1 > k_2$)

  4. A moving coil galvanometer of resistance $100 \text{ }\Omega$ shows a full scale deflection for a current of $1 \text{ mA}$. The value of resistance required to convert this galvanometer into an ammeter, showing full scale deflection for a current of $5 \text{ mA}$, is _______ $\Omega$
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  6. A capacitor $C$ is first charged fully with potential difference of $V_0$ and disconnected from the battery. The charged capacitor is connected across an inductor having inductance $L$. In $t\text{ s}$ $25\%$ of the initial energy in the capacitor is transferred to the inductor. The value of $t$ is __________ $\text{s}$.
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  8. An electromagnetic wave of frequency $100\text{ MHz}$ propagates through a medium of conductivity, $\sigma = 10\text{ mho/m}$. The ratio of maximum conduction current density to maximum displacement current density is __________.
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Important Questions from Electricity and Magnetism

  1. The electric field of a plane electromagnetic wave, travelling in an unknown non-magnetic medium is given by,
    $E_y = 20 \sin(3 \times 10^6 x - 4.5 \times 10^{14} t) \text{ V/m}$
    (where x, t and other values have S.I. units). The dielectric constant of the medium is _________.
    (speed of light in free space is $3 \times 10^8 \text{ m/s}$)
  2. A short bar magnet placed with its axis at $30^\circ$ with an external field of 800 Gauss, experiences a torque of 0.016 N.m. The work done in moving it from most stable to most unstable position is $\alpha \times 10^{-3} \text{ J}$. The value of $\alpha$ is ______.
  3. Three parallel plate capacitors each with area $A$ and separation $d$ are filled with two dielectric ($k_1$ and $k_2$) in the following fashion. Which of the following is true? ($k_1 > k_2$)

  4. A moving coil galvanometer of resistance $100 \text{ }\Omega$ shows a full scale deflection for a current of $1 \text{ mA}$. The value of resistance required to convert this galvanometer into an ammeter, showing full scale deflection for a current of $5 \text{ mA}$, is _______ $\Omega$
  5. The reading of the ammeter ($A$) in steady state in the following circuit (assuming negligible internal resistance of the ammeter) is _______ A.

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