This problem requires us to determine the exact placement of eight people (P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W) in a four-storey building, with two flats (Flat 1 and Flat 2) on each floor. Flat 1 is to the left of Flat 2. We need to find who lives in Flat 2 of Floor 2.

Step-by-Step Deduction

1. Determine P's Floor: The clue states, "P lives on an odd-numbered floor but he does not live on the ground floor." The floors are numbered 1 to 4. Odd floors are 1 and 3. Since P does not live on the ground floor (Floor 1), P must live on Floor 3.
2. Determine R and S's Floor: "R and S live on the same floor but above the floor on which P lives." Since P is on Floor 3, R and S must live on the floor above, which is Floor 4. They occupy both flats on Floor 4.
3. Determine V and Q's Location:
   • "V lives on an even-numbered floor just above Q in the same flat of different floors." Even floors are 2 and 4. Since Floor 4 is occupied by R and S, V cannot be on Floor 4. Therefore, V must live on Floor 2.
   • Since V lives just above Q in the same flat, Q must live on Floor 1, in the same flat as V.
   • "Q and R live in the same flat on different floors." R lives on Floor 4. Since we found Q on Floor 1, this confirms they live in the same flat.
   • So, Q, V, and R all live in the same flat. Let's call this Flat X.
4. Determine S's Flat: Since R and S live on the same floor (Floor 4), and R lives in Flat X, S must live in the other flat on Floor 4. If Flat X is Flat 1, S is in Flat 2. If Flat X is Flat 2, S is in Flat 1.
5. Determine U's Location: "U lives below the floor on which V lives." V is on Floor 2. So, U must live on Floor 1. Since Q lives on Floor 1 in Flat X, U must live in the other flat on Floor 1.
6. Placing P: P lives on Floor 3. The two flats on Floor 3 are available (one potentially occupied by T or W).
7. Placing W: "W does not live with P on the same floor." Since P is on Floor 3, W is not on Floor 3. We need to place W and T. The available floors are Floor 2 (one flat) and Floor 3 (one flat, depending on P's placement). Since W is not on Floor 3, W must live on the available flat on Floor 2.
8. Placing T: The only person left is T, and the only remaining floor space is on Floor 3 (along with P). So, T lives on Floor 3.
9. Refining P and T's placement on Floor 3: "T does not live to the immediate right of P." This means if P is in Flat 1, T cannot be in Flat 2. If P is in Flat 2, T cannot be in the flat to its right (which doesn't exist on a 4-storey building context for immediate right).
   • Assume Flat X (where Q, V, R live) is Flat 1. Then: Q (F1, F1), V (F2, F1), R (F4, F1). S is in F4, F2. U is in F1, F2. P and T are on F3. If P is in F3, F1, T must be in F3, F2. This arrangement has T to the immediate right of P, violating the rule. Therefore, P cannot be in Flat 1. P must be in F3, F2. This means T must be in F3, F1. This placement satisfies the condition "T does not live to the immediate right of P".
   • Let's verify this structure:
     • Floor 4: R (Flat 1), S (Flat 2)
     • Floor 3: T (Flat 1), P (Flat 2)
     • Floor 2: V (Flat 1), W (Flat 2)
     • Floor 1: Q (Flat 1), U (Flat 2)
     Check Clue 3: P (F3, F2) and V (F2, F1) are not in the same flat. OK.
   • What if Flat X (Q, V, R) is Flat 2? Then: Q (F1, F2), V (F2, F2), R (F4, F2). S is in F4, F1. U is in F1, F1. P and T are on F3. If P is in F3, F1, T must be in F3, F2. This arrangement has T to the immediate right of P (P in F1, T in F2), violating the rule. If P is in F3, F2, T must be in F3, F1. This arrangement has P in F2, and no flat to its right for T, which is fine. However, let's re-read: "T does not live to the immediate right of P". This means T is NOT in the flat immediately to P's right. If P is F1, T cannot be F2. If P is F2, T cannot be the flat to the right (non-existent). Let's revisit the first valid case.
   • Revisiting the placement based on "T does not live to the immediate right of P": * Case 1: Flat X = Flat 1. Q(1,1), V(2,1), R(4,1), S(4,2), U(1,2). P & T on F3. * If P(3,1) & T(3,2): T is right of P -> VIOLATION. * If P(3,2) & T(3,1): T is left of P -> OK. * Arrangement: F4:R(1),S(2); F3:T(1),P(2); F2:V(1),W(2); F1:Q(1),U(2). * Case 2: Flat X = Flat 2. Q(1,2), V(2,2), R(4,2), S(4,1), U(1,1). P & T on F3. * If P(3,1) & T(3,2): T is right of P -> VIOLATION. * If P(3,2) & T(3,1): P is rightmost, T is leftmost on F3. T is not right of P. OK. * Arrangement: F4:S(1),R(2); F3:T(1),P(2); F2:W(1),V(2); F1:U(1),Q(2).
   • Now recheck ALL clues for BOTH potential valid arrangements. * Clue 3: P and V do not live in the same flat. * Arrangement 1: P(3,2), V(2,1). Different flats. OK. * Arrangement 2: P(3,2), V(2,2). Same flat! -> VIOLATION.
   • Therefore, only Arrangement 1 is correct.
     • Floor 4: R (Flat 1), S (Flat 2)
     • Floor 3: T (Flat 1), P (Flat 2)
     • Floor 2: V (Flat 1), W (Flat 2)
     • Floor 1: Q (Flat 1), U (Flat 2)

Final Arrangement

Based on the deductions, the final arrangement of people in the building is:

Identifying the Occupant of Floor 2, Flat 2

Looking at the confirmed arrangement, the person living in Flat 2 of Floor 2 is W.