Understanding the Question: Identifying the Author of 'Maila Anchal'

The question asks to identify the author of the well-known Hindi novel titled ‘Maila Anchal’.

Analyzing the Options

We are given four options, each representing a prominent figure in Hindi literature:

1. Kamleshwar
2. Phanishwar Nath ‘Renu’
3. Harishankar Parsai
4. Kashinath Singh

To answer this question, we need to know which of these writers is credited with authoring the novel ‘Maila Anchal’.

Identifying the Author of 'Maila Anchal'

‘Maila Anchal’ is a landmark novel in Hindi literature, particularly famous for pioneering the ‘anchalik’ or regional novel genre. This style focuses on depicting life in a specific rural region with its unique dialect, culture, and social issues.

The author widely recognized for writing ‘Maila Anchal’ is Phanishwar Nath ‘Renu’. Published in 1954, the novel is set in the Purnea district of Bihar and paints a vivid picture of the social, political, and economic conditions of rural India shortly after independence.

Conclusion on the Author of 'Maila Anchal'

Based on literary history and critical consensus, Phanishwar Nath ‘Renu’ is the undisputed author of the novel ‘Maila Anchal’. The other authors listed are also important Hindi writers, but their famous works are different from ‘Maila Anchal’.

• Kamleshwar was known for his stories and novels reflecting urban life.
• Harishankar Parsai was a celebrated satirist and essayist.
• Kashinath Singh is a contemporary writer known for novels like 'Kashi Ka Assi'.

Therefore, the correct author of ‘Maila Anchal’ is Phanishwar Nath ‘Renu’.

Revision Table: Key Information on 'Maila Anchal'

Additional Information: Phanishwar Nath 'Renu' and Regional Literature

Phanishwar Nath ‘Renu’ (1921-1977) was one of the most influential Hindi writers of the post-independence era. He is primarily known for his contribution to the regional novel genre, where he meticulously captured the essence of rural life, language, and culture. ‘Maila Anchal’ is considered his masterpiece and a foundational text for understanding regional literature in Hindi. His other notable works include ‘Parti Parikatha’ and short stories like ‘Mare Gaye Gulfam’ (adapted into the film ‘Teesri Kasam’).

‘Maila Anchal’ is often studied for its realistic portrayal of village politics, superstitions, social hierarchies, and the impact of external changes on traditional life. Renu's use of local dialect and folk elements gives the novel a unique flavour and authenticity, making it a significant work in Indian literature.