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Question

Which one of the following statements is correct ?

This question was previously asked in
MH SET 2025 Paper 2 Sociology Question Paper (15-Jun-2025)
The correct answer is

Isotonic solutions have same molar concentrations

Isotonic solutions have same molar concentrations option is correct.

Two solutions are termed isotonic when they exert the same osmotic pressure across a semi-permeable membrane. From the van't Hoff relation \(\pi = iCRT\), equal osmotic pressure at the same temperature and for solutes with the same van't Hoff factor \(i\) requires equal molar concentrations of the dissolved particles. This is why 0.9% NaCl saline and 5% dextrose are both isotonic with human blood plasma at ~300 mOsm/L.

Density, refractive index and colour depend on the chemical identity of the solute (mass, polarisability, chromophores) and can differ widely between two solutions that are nonetheless isotonic, so they do not define isotonicity.

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