Which one of the following is the oldest scientific department of the Government of India?
Survey of India
Oldest Scientific Department of India Exam Prep
Understanding the history and establishment dates of various government scientific departments is crucial for competitive exams. This question asks about the oldest scientific department among the given options.
Analyzing the Options
Let's examine the establishment dates of each department provided in the options:
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT): This department was established relatively recently. It was set up in 1986 under the Ministry of Science and Technology.
- Survey of India: This is a very old institution. The Survey of India was established way back in 1767. Its origins lie in the need for precise mapping of the country for administrative and developmental purposes.
- India Meteorological Department (IMD): The India Meteorological Department is responsible for weather forecasting, seismology, and related subjects. It was established in 1875.
- DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation): DRDO is responsible for research and development for the Indian military. It was formed in 1958 by the amalgamation of the Technical Development Establishment (TDEs) of the Indian Army and the Directorate of Technical Development & Production (DTDP) with the Defence Science Organisation (DSO).
Comparing Establishment Dates
To determine the oldest department, we compare the establishment years:
- Survey of India: 1767
- India Meteorological Department (IMD): 1875
- DRDO: 1958
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT): 1986
Comparing these dates, 1767 is the earliest year.
| Department | Establishment Year |
|---|---|
| Survey of India | 1767 |
| India Meteorological Department (IMD) | 1875 |
| DRDO | 1958 |
| Department of Biotechnology (DBT) | 1986 |
Based on this comparison, the Survey of India is clearly the oldest among the scientific departments listed in the options.
Conclusion on Oldest Scientific Department
The Survey of India, founded in 1767, predates the India Meteorological Department (1875), DRDO (1958), and the Department of Biotechnology (1986). Therefore, the Survey of India is the oldest scientific department among the given choices.
Revision Table: Indian Scientific Departments
| Department/Organisation | Establishment Year | Primary Role |
|---|---|---|
| Survey of India | 1767 | National Mapping Agency |
| India Meteorological Department (IMD) | 1875 | Weather, Climate, Seismology |
| DRDO | 1958 | Defence R&D |
| Department of Biotechnology (DBT) | 1986 | Biotechnology Promotion & Development |
Additional Information: Evolution of Indian Science
The history of scientific institutions in India reflects the nation's journey from colonial times through independence and modern development. Institutions like the Survey of India were initially established to serve colonial administration but later became vital national assets. The establishment of departments like IMD marked early efforts in organized scientific data collection. Post-independence, India saw a significant boost in scientific infrastructure with the creation of bodies like DRDO focusing on strategic needs and departments like DBT emphasizing emerging fields like biotechnology. These institutions collectively contribute to India's scientific progress and national development.
The Survey of India is the national mapping agency of India, operating under the Department of Science and Technology. It is one of the oldest scientific departments in the country and plays a crucial role in topographic surveying and mapping.
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2. It wins at least four seats in the House of the People from any State or States or wins at least two percent (2%) seats in the House of the People (i.e., 11 seats in the existing House having 543 members), and these members are elected from at least three different States
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Select the correct answer using the code given below:
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