Intelligence Theories: Identifying Incorrect Statements

This section analyzes the given statements regarding various intelligence theories to identify the incorrect ones.

Statement Analysis

• A. Thorndike's theory is atomistic theory of intelligence. This statement is considered correct. Thorndike's connectionism emphasizes stimulus-response bonds, viewing intelligence as a collection of specific connections, aligning with an atomistic perspective.
• B. Evaluation is the primary mental process which means retention of what is recognized. This statement is incorrect. Evaluation involves judgment and appraisal. Retention is a component of memory, specifically recall or recognition. They are distinct mental processes.
• C. Group of specific abilities known as 'S' factor is universal inborn ability. This statement is incorrect. In Spearman's two-factor theory, the 'S' factor represents specific abilities tied to particular tasks. The 'G' (general) factor is considered more universal and innate. 'S' factors are not universally inborn abilities; they are specific to tasks.
• D. According to Faculty theory of intelligence, mind is made up of different faculties like reasoning, memory, discriminations and imagination etc. This statement is correct. The Faculty Theory posits that intelligence comprises distinct mental faculties or powers.
• E. Structure of Intellect Model of Intelligence was given by Spearman. This statement is incorrect. The Structure of Intellect Model was developed by J.P. Guilford, not Spearman. Spearman proposed the two-factor theory (G and S factors).

Conclusion on Incorrect Statements

Based on the analysis, the incorrect statements are B, C, and E.

• Statement B incorrectly defines evaluation.
• Statement C incorrectly attributes universal inborn ability to the 'S' factor.
• Statement E incorrectly assigns the Structure of Intellect Model to Spearman.

Therefore, the option containing only the incorrect statements is the correct choice.