Which of the following statements are correct regarding the Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) by R.J. Vallerand and L.G. Pelletier etc. (1995) (A) Scale consist of 28 items (B) Scale comparised of intrinsic motivation as a sub‐scale (C) Scale has 5 point likert scale (D) Amotivation is one of the sub scale Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(A), (B) and (D) only
Understanding the Sports Motivation Scale (SMS)
The question asks about the characteristics of the Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) developed by R.J. Vallerand, L.G. Pelletier, and colleagues in 1995. Let's analyze each statement provided to determine its accuracy regarding this specific psychological scale.
Analyzing Statements about the Sports Motivation Scale (SMS)
We will examine each statement (A), (B), (C), and (D) based on the known properties of the Vallerand and Pelletier (1995) Sports Motivation Scale (SMS).
- Statement (A): Scale consist of 28 items
The original Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) published in 1995 does indeed consist of 28 items. These items are designed to assess different types of motivation in sport settings.
Therefore, statement (A) is correct.
- Statement (B): Scale comparised of intrinsic motivation as a sub‐scale
The Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) is based on the Self-Determination Theory and measures various forms of motivation, including different types of intrinsic motivation. The scale includes subscales for Intrinsic Motivation to Know, Intrinsic Motivation to Accomplish Things, and Intrinsic Motivation to Experience Stimulation.
Therefore, statement (B) is correct.
- Statement (C): Scale has 5 point likert scale
The original 1995 version of the Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) uses a 7-point Likert scale, ranging from "Does not correspond at all" (1) to "Corresponds exactly" (7). It does not use a 5-point Likert scale.
Therefore, statement (C) is incorrect.
- Statement (D): Amotivation is one of the sub scale
The Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) measures not only intrinsic and extrinsic motivation but also amotivation. Amotivation is a distinct subscale in the SMS, reflecting a lack of intention to act or engage in sport.
Therefore, statement (D) is correct.
Summary of Statement Analysis
| Statement | Content | Accuracy for SMS (1995) |
|---|---|---|
| (A) | Scale consist of 28 items | Correct |
| (B) | Scale comprised of intrinsic motivation as a sub‐scale | Correct |
| (C) | Scale has 5 point likert scale | Incorrect (uses 7-point scale) |
| (D) | Amotivation is one of the sub scale | Correct |
Based on the analysis, statements (A), (B), and (D) are correct, while statement (C) is incorrect.
Conclusion on Correct Statements
The statements that are correct regarding the Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) by Vallerand and Pelletier etc. (1995) are (A), (B), and (D).
We are asked to choose the option that lists the correct statements.
- Option 1: (A), (B) and (C) only - Incorrect (C is wrong)
- Option 2: (B), (C) and (D) only - Incorrect (C is wrong)
- Option 3: (A), (B) and (D) only - Correct (A, B, and D are correct)
- Option 4: (A), (C) and (D) only - Incorrect (C is wrong)
The correct combination of statements is (A), (B), and (D).
Revision Table: Key Features of SMS (1995)
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Developers | Vallerand, Pelletier, Blais, Brière, Séguin, & Léonard (1995) |
| Number of Items | 28 |
| Likert Scale | 7-point scale |
| Subscales (Examples) | Intrinsic Motivation (3 types), Extrinsic Motivation (3 types), Amotivation |
Additional Information: Sports Motivation and Self-Determination Theory
The Sports Motivation Scale (SMS) is a widely used instrument rooted in Self-Determination Theory (SDT). SDT proposes different types of motivation, ranging from autonomous (intrinsic motivation, integrated, identified regulation) to controlled (introjected, external regulation) and finally, amotivation (lack of motivation). The SMS was designed to assess these different motivational regulations specifically within the context of sports participation.
Understanding these different types of motivation helps researchers and practitioners understand why athletes participate in sports, how they persist, and how motivation impacts their well-being and performance.
While the 1995 SMS is a foundational scale, there have been subsequent versions and adaptations developed over time, such as the SMS-II and other context-specific motivation scales.
Important Questions from Physical Education & Psychology - Teaching
Which of the following theories are part of group development?
(A) Linear theory
(B) Cyclical theory
(C) Pendular theory
(D) Non linear theroy
(E) Triangle theroy
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The learning of life value and standards of good behaviour from parents can also be called:
The phrase “Immediate mundane aims” as practical idea belong to which philosophy?
Maslow developed a theory of motivation that aimed to explain all the types of human needs and mark them in the order people seek to satisfy them.
These needs are as follows:
(a) Social needs
(b) Safety needs
(c) Esteem needs
(d) Physiological needs
(e) Intelectual needs
Rank them according to their needs and choose the right option.
The History of Physical Education in Greece has been divided into four periods. They are as follows :
(a) Spartan period
(b) Early Athenian period
(c) Homeric period
(d) Golden period
Arrange chronologically considering the time period and select the correct option :
