Which of the following State was not annexed under Lord Dalhousie’s Doctrine of Lapse ?
Jaipur
Jaipur was not annexed — option 2.
What the Doctrine of Lapse was. Under it, a dependent princely state whose ruler died without a natural heir would “lapse” to the Company; an adopted son could succeed to the ruler’s private property but not to his throne without the Company’s consent, which was withheld. Lord Dalhousie, Governor-General from 1848 to 1856, applied it vigorously, though the principle had been asserted before him.
| State | Year | Ground |
|---|---|---|
| Satara | 1848 | Lapse — the first application |
| Jaitpur, Sambalpur | 1849 | Lapse |
| Baghat, Udaipur | 1851–52 | Lapse |
| Jhansi | 1853 | Lapse — the adopted son of Rani Lakshmibai was not recognised |
| Nagpur | 1854 | Lapse — the largest state taken this way |
| Awadh | 1856 | Not lapse — annexed on the ground of misgovernment, which caused far more resentment |
Why Jaipur is the exception. Jaipur was a Rajput state of Rajputana bound to the British by a subsidiary treaty of 1818, and it retained its rulers throughout the colonial period, acceding to India only in 1949, when it became part of the new state of Rajasthan. Nothing of the sort happened to it in Dalhousie’s time.
Why the doctrine mattered. It broke the confidence of the princes in the Company’s word, and the dispossessed rulers and their adopted heirs became leaders of the revolt of 1857 — Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi and Nana Saheb, the adopted son of the last Peshwa, whose pension was stopped, being the outstanding examples. After 1857 the Crown abandoned the doctrine: the Queen’s Proclamation of 1858 promised to respect the rights and dignity of the princes, and the right of adoption was conceded.
Hence, the answer is Jaipur.
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