GFR Range for Stage 2 CKD
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is staged based on the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), which measures kidney function.
Understanding CKD Staging
- Stage 1 CKD: GFR greater than or equal to 90 mL/min/1.73 $m^2$ (with signs of kidney damage).
- Stage 2 CKD: GFR between 60 and 89 mL/min/1.73 $m^2$ (mildly decreased function, with or without kidney damage).
- Stage 3a CKD: GFR between 45 and 59 mL/min/1.73 $m^2$.
- Stage 3b CKD: GFR between 30 and 44 mL/min/1.73 $m^2$.
- Stage 4 CKD: GFR between 15 and 29 mL/min/1.73 $m^2$.
- Stage 5 CKD: GFR less than 15 mL/min/1.73 $m^2$ (kidney failure).
Therefore, the correct GFR range for Stage 2 CKD is 60-89 mL/min/1.73 $m^2$.
Important Questions from Renal Failure
Which of the following statements are correct regarding anti-glomerular basement membrane disease?
1. It is a rare autoimmune disease which presents as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
2. Antibodies are formed against $α3$ chain of type 4 collagen GBM.
3. The $α3$ chain is expressed in basement membrane of glomerulus and the retina.
4. The disease may be associated with retinal hemorrhage when it is known as Goodpasture syndrome.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Which of the following are poor prognostic indictators in glomerular disease?
1. Female sex
2. Hypertension
3. Persistent and severe proteinuria
4. Elevated creatinine levels at presentation
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Which of the following are indications for a renal biopsy?
1. Chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology
2. Nephritic syndrome
3. Uncontrolled severe hypertension
4. Renal transplant dysfunction
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Which of the following drugs are effective in preventing uric acid nephropathy in patients receiving chemotherapy?
1. Probenecid
2. Forced saline diuresis
3. Rasburicase
4. Acetazolamide
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- Which one of the following drugs is associated with calciphylaxis in chronic kidney disease patients?
