Question
Which of the following is responsible for peat formation in Bog System ?
This question was previously asked in
CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is Sphagnum
Peat Formation in Bog Systems
The formation of peat in bog systems is primarily attributed to the unique characteristics of Sphagnum moss.
Role of Sphagnum in Peat Formation
- Water Retention: Sphagnum moss has specialized dead cells (hyaline cells) that can absorb and retain large amounts of water, often 15-25 times its dry weight. This waterlogging creates anaerobic (oxygen-poor) conditions.
- Acidification: Sphagnum actively secretes hydrogen ions ($H^+$), lowering the pH of the surrounding water and making it acidic.
- Slow Decomposition: The combination of waterlogging and acidity significantly inhibits the activity of decomposers like bacteria and fungi. This leads to the slow breakdown of dead plant material.
- Accumulation: Over time, the incompletely decomposed plant matter, dominated by Sphagnum itself, accumulates layer upon layer, forming peat.
Analysis of Options
- Riccia: A type of liverwort, not typically associated with significant peat formation in bogs.
- Funaria: A common moss, but not the primary driver of peat formation in bog ecosystems.
- Polytrichum: A genus of moss known for its robustness, but less influential in peat accumulation compared to Sphagnum.
- Sphagnum: The correct answer, as its unique properties create ideal conditions for peat formation and accumulation in bog environments.
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