Which of the following are major criteria under the Jones Criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever? 1. Chorea 2. Erythema Marginatum 3. Subcutaneous Nodules 4. Polyarthralgia Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Jones Criteria for Acute Rheumatic Fever Diagnosis
The Jones Criteria are guidelines used to diagnose Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF). Diagnosis typically requires evidence of a preceding streptococcal infection plus either two major criteria or one major criterion and two minor criteria.
Major Criteria Analysis
Let's examine the items listed in the question based on the established major criteria for ARF:
- 1. Chorea: This refers to Sydenham's chorea, characterized by involuntary, purposeless movements. It is considered a major criterion.
- 2. Erythema Marginatum: This is a distinctive rash with pale centers and serrated edges. It is considered a major criterion.
- 3. Subcutaneous Nodules: These are firm, painless lumps found under the skin, typically over bony prominences. They are considered a major criterion.
- 4. Polyarthralgia: This refers to joint pain without objective signs of inflammation (like swelling or warmth). While joint pain can occur, the major criterion is Polyarthritis (inflammation of multiple joints). Polyarthralgia alone is usually classified as a minor criterion.
Identifying Correct Combination
Based on the analysis, Chorea (1), Erythema Marginatum (2), and Subcutaneous Nodules (3) are all recognized major criteria. Polyarthralgia (4) is not a major criterion.
Therefore, the combination representing major criteria is 1, 2, and 3.
Conclusion
The correct option includes Chorea, Erythema Marginatum, and Subcutaneous Nodules.
| Item Number | Criterion | Jones Criteria Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Chorea | Major |
| 2 | Erythema Marginatum | Major |
| 3 | Subcutaneous Nodules | Major |
| 4 | Polyarthralgia | Minor (Polyarthritis is Major) |
The correct answer combines items 1, 2, and 3.
Important Questions from Bacterial Infections
- Whipple's disease is characterized by the infiltration of small intestinal mucosa by 'foamy' macrophages. Which one of the following histological stains is characteristically used to stain them?
- A young male presented with recent onset urethral discharge and dysuria. On examination, the discharge was profuse and purulent. Microscopy of smears from the discharge revealed Gram-negative diplococci. What is the likely diagnosis?
- Cat-scratch disease is caused by infection of which of the following organisms?
Which of the following drugs is/are useful in the treatment of Listeria monocytogenes infection?
1. Ceftriaxone
2. Gentamicin
3. Ampicillin
4. Sulfamethoxazole
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
Which of the following statements are correct regarding brucellosis?
1. Fever may develop into an undulating pattern that persists for weeks.
2. Associated musculoskeletal symptoms are a feature of the disease.
3. Brucellae behave as facultative intracellular parasites.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
