The correct answer is Ribosomes.
Ribosomes are essential cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis. They are the sites where messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into proteins. This process involves the ribosome binding to mRNA and using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to bring specific amino acids to the ribosome, which are then linked together to form a polypeptide chain. Essentially, ribosomes are the protein factories of the cell, and their function relies heavily on the presence of various types of RNA – messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA. These RNA molecules work in concert to ensure the accurate and efficient synthesis of proteins based on the genetic information encoded in the DNA.
Let's examine why the other options are incorrect:
- Cytoplasm: While the cytoplasm contains many molecules, including some RNA, it's not primarily defined by the presence of RNA. It's the jelly-like substance filling the cell.
- Cell base: This term is not a recognized cellular component.
- Cell wall: The cell wall is a structural component found in plant cells and some other organisms. It provides structural support and protection but doesn't contain significant amounts of RNA.
Therefore, the only organelle directly and fundamentally involved with RNA processing and protein synthesis is the ribosome.
Important Questions from Cells
Select the most appropriate synonym of the underlined word.
The removal of ‘petty’ restrictions has made life easier.
Select the most appropriate option that can substitute the underlined word in the given sentence.
The experienced surgeon handled the delicate procedure with care and precision.Select the most appropriate ANTONYM of the underlined word in the following sentence.
I have left it to his discretion to accept or decline my offer.Why does the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum look "rough" under a microscope?
- DNA polymerase catalyses the addition of nucleotides during DNA replication. Its main role is to:
