Which condition can lead to low engine oil pressure in a diesel engine?
Insufficient oil level in the sump
Oil pressure in an engine is built by the oil pump forcing oil through the galleries; it depends on having enough oil to draw from and on the oil having the right thickness.
If the sump oil level is too low, the pump's pickup can draw in air instead of a solid column of oil, so it cannot maintain pressure and the gauge reads low.
Checking the other options: a relief valve stuck closed would tend to raise pressure, high-viscosity oil generally raises pressure, and a gauge merely showing high pressure is not itself a cause of low pressure.
So the condition that actually leads to low oil pressure is an insufficient oil level in the sump.
Hence, the answer is Insufficient oil level in the sump.
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