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Question

Study carefully the table given below and answer the question asked here under.
The following table gives the percentage of students belonging to low income group in each of the five colleges A, B, C, D and E, along with the proportion of males and females with and without low income.
College NamePercentage of students
with low income
Proportion of males
and females
With low incomeWithout low income
M:FM:F
A355:66:7
B253:54:5
C241:22:3
D193:24:3
E155:33:2

Which college has the least number of female students with low income, if we assume that every college has same number of total students?

The correct answer is
B

Understanding College Student Data

The question asks to find the college with the fewest female students with low income. We are given that all colleges have the same number of total students. We need to use the provided percentages and ratios.

Let 'T' be the total number of students in each college. Since 'T' is constant across all colleges, we can calculate the number of female students with low income for each college. For simplicity, we can assume T = 100 students per college to easily compare the results.

Calculating Female Students with Low Income

The number of female students with low income is determined by first finding the number of students with low income and then applying the male-to-female ratio for that group.

Formula:

$Number of Females (Low Income) = T * (Percentage Low Income / 100) * (Female Ratio Part / Total Ratio Parts)$

Assuming T = 100:

College % Students with Low Income M:F Ratio (Low Income) Low Income Students (T=100) Female Proportion (Low Income) Female Students with Low Income (T=100)
A 35% 6:7 $100 \times \frac{35}{100} = 35$ $\frac{7}{6+7} = \frac{7}{13}$ $35 \times \frac{7}{13} \approx 18.85$
B 25% 3:5 $100 \times \frac{25}{100} = 25$ $\frac{5}{3+5} = \frac{5}{8}$ $25 \times \frac{5}{8} = 15.625$
C 24% 1:2 $100 \times \frac{24}{100} = 24$ $\frac{2}{1+2} = \frac{2}{3}$ $24 \times \frac{2}{3} = 16$
D 19% 3:2 $100 \times \frac{19}{100} = 19$ $\frac{2}{3+2} = \frac{2}{5}$ $19 \times \frac{2}{5} = 7.6$
E 15% 5:3 $100 \times \frac{15}{100} = 15$ $\frac{3}{5+3} = \frac{3}{8}$ $15 \times \frac{3}{8} = 5.625$

Comparing Results for Low Income Females

After calculating the number of female students with low income for each college (assuming T=100), we compare the values:

  • College A: $\approx 18.85$
  • College B: $15.625$
  • College C: $16$
  • College D: $7.6$
  • College E: $5.625$

The smallest value among these represents the college with the least number of female students with low income.

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