When was the treaty of Kannauj between the Shinde and Holkar and the Wajir Safdarjang was signed, by which Marathas held the responsibility to protect the Mughal from the internal and external enemies ?
23 April 1752
23 April 1752 option is correct.
By the middle of the eighteenth century the Mughal empire had ceased to be a self-defending state and the wazir of the emperor increasingly leaned on the Marathas to guarantee its survival. The Ahmadiya treaty formalised this dependence.
On 23 April 1752 the wazir Safdarjung, acting on behalf of the emperor Ahmad Shah Bahadur, concluded the treaty of Kannauj with the Maratha sardars Jayappa Shinde (Scindia) and Malhar Rao Holkar. By its terms the Marathas received the chauth of the Doab and were formally charged with defending the Mughal empire against all internal and external enemies — the responsibility the stem alludes to. The other dates belong to different events: 14 January 1761 is the Third Battle of Panipat, 23 April 1758 is close to the Maratha conquest of Punjab, and 14 January 1760 falls in the same Panipat campaign but marks no such treaty.
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