Directions: In this section, there is a passage having some blank spaces, each blank space is followed by four individual words or group of words. Select a word or group of words you consider the most appropriate for filling the blank space, and indicate your response on the Answer Sheet accordingly. The Earth's climate is _______ (1) changing and evolving. Some of ______ (2) changes have been due to natural causes but others can be attributed to__________(3) activities such as deforestation, emissions from industry and transport, etc., which have led to the__________.(4) of gases and aerosols in _________(5) atmosphere. These gases are known as greenhouse gases because they trap heat and_______(6) air temperatures near the ground, acting like a greenhouse on the surface of the________(7) In order to create and strengthen the scientific and analytical capacity_________(8) assessment of climate change in the country, different studies under Climate Change Action Programme___________(9) Many important bilateral and multilateral meetings and negotiations are held_________(10) regular intervals.
What would come in blank space (7)?
Understanding the Climate Change Passage Blank (7)
The question asks us to identify the most appropriate word to fill in the blank space (7) in the provided passage about climate change. Let's look at the sentence containing blank (7):
"These gases are known as greenhouse gases because they trap heat and_______(6) air temperatures near the ground, acting like a greenhouse on the surface of the________(7)."
This sentence explains how greenhouse gases function. They trap heat near the ground, causing an effect similar to a greenhouse, but on a much larger scale, affecting the surface temperature. The phrase "acting like a greenhouse on the surface of the________(7)" refers to the object whose surface is being heated.
Analyzing the Options for Blank (7)
Let's examine the given options:
- crust
- core
- mantle
- planet
Evaluating Each Option
- crust: The crust is the outermost solid shell of a rocky planet, dwarf planet, or natural satellite. While climate change affects the surface, referring to the greenhouse effect acting on the surface of the "crust" isn't the most comprehensive term for the entire Earth's surface.
- core: The core is the innermost layer of a celestial body. The greenhouse effect described occurs at the surface, trapping heat in the atmosphere above the ground. The core is deep within the Earth and is not relevant to this surface phenomenon.
- mantle: The mantle is a layer inside a rocky planet between the crust and the outer core. Like the core, it is an internal structure and not related to the surface heating effect described.
- planet: A planet is a large celestial body. In this context, the passage is discussing Earth's climate. "The surface of the planet" refers to the surface of Earth as a whole, which is exactly where the greenhouse effect (trapping heat near the ground) acts. This term encompasses the entire area affected by the rise in surface air temperatures.
Why 'planet' is the Correct Choice for Blank (7)
The passage describes how greenhouse gases warm "air temperatures near the ground" by acting "like a greenhouse on the surface". The surface being referred to is the entire surface of Earth. The term 'planet' is the most fitting word to describe the whole celestial body (Earth) whose surface is experiencing this greenhouse effect. The other options (crust, core, mantle) refer to specific layers or parts of the Earth's interior, which are not where the surface temperature increase due to the greenhouse effect primarily occurs.
Therefore, "acting like a greenhouse on the surface of the planet" makes the most sense in this context.
Step-by-Step Reasoning for Blank (7)
- Read the sentence containing the blank: "These gases are known as greenhouse gases because they trap heat and_______(6) air temperatures near the ground, acting like a greenhouse on the surface of the________(7)."
- Identify the action described: Greenhouse gases trap heat near the ground.
- Identify where this action occurs: "on the surface of the________(7)".
- Consider the options provided: crust, core, mantle, planet.
- Evaluate which option best describes the entire entity whose surface is being affected by the greenhouse effect mentioned in the context of global climate change.
- 'Planet' refers to the entire Earth, and the greenhouse effect impacts the surface of the entire planet. 'Crust', 'core', and 'mantle' refer to internal layers.
- Conclude that 'planet' is the most appropriate word.
| Option | Relevance to Surface Greenhouse Effect | Fit in Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| crust | Part of the surface, but less general than the whole body. | Possible, but 'planet' is more encompassing for global effect. |
| core | Deep inside the Earth, not the surface. | Does not fit the context. |
| mantle | Layer inside the Earth, not the surface. | Does not fit the context. |
| planet | Refers to the entire Earth, encompassing its surface. | Fits perfectly, describing the global effect on the planet's surface. |
Revision Table: Key Concepts in Climate Change
| Term | Definition | Relevance to Passage |
|---|---|---|
| Climate Change | Significant long-term change in the expected patterns of average weather of a region or the Earth as a whole. | The main topic of the passage. |
| Greenhouse Gases | Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere (e.g., CO₂, methane). | Mechanism explained in the passage. |
| Greenhouse Effect | Warming of Earth's surface and atmosphere caused by greenhouse gases trapping heat. | The effect described in the sentence with blank (7). |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding a planet. | Where greenhouse gases accumulate (blank 5). |
| Surface Temperature | The temperature of the air near the ground. | Affected by the greenhouse effect (blank 6). |
Additional Information on Earth's Structure and Climate
Understanding the different parts of the Earth helps clarify why 'planet' is correct in the context of a global phenomenon like the greenhouse effect.
- Earth as a Planet: Earth is our planet. It has multiple layers, but the greenhouse effect happens at the interaction between the atmosphere and the surface (land, water, ice) of this entire planet.
- Earth's Layers: The main internal layers are the crust, mantle, and core. These are important for geology but not directly relevant to the atmospheric warming described by the greenhouse effect acting on the surface.
- Surface vs. Interior: Climate change, driven by the greenhouse effect, primarily impacts the surface environment – the air temperature near the ground, oceans, ice caps, etc. It is a surface phenomenon, not an interior one.
- Global Scale: The passage talks about climate change affecting "the Earth's climate" and leading to accumulation of gases in "the atmosphere". These are global phenomena affecting the entire planet.
Therefore, when discussing the greenhouse effect acting "on the surface of the________(7)", the most appropriate word is 'planet' to refer to the entire Earth body whose surface is being warmed.
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Important Questions from Cloze Test
- Directions: Select the most appropriate option that will fill in the blank number 1.
- Directions: Select the most appropriate option that will fill in the blank number 2.
- Directions: Select the most appropriate option that will fill in the blank number 3.
- Directions: Select the most appropriate option that will fill in the blank number 4.
- Directions: Select the most appropriate option that will fill in the blank number 5.
