What is the recommended first-aid sequence for a conscious adult or child over one year who is choking?
Back blows followed by abdominal thrusts
For a conscious adult or child over one year of age who is choking, standard first-aid guidelines recommend delivering up to five sharp back blows between the shoulder blades first.
If the back blows fail to dislodge the obstruction, this is followed by up to five abdominal thrusts (the Heimlich manoeuvre), and the cycle is repeated until the airway is cleared or help arrives.
Chest compressions alone and rescue breaths alone are used in CPR for unresponsive casualties without a pulse, not for a conscious choking person, and applying cold water has no role in clearing an airway obstruction.
Therefore, the correct answer is back blows followed by abdominal thrusts.
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