Constitutional Mandate for Scientific Temper

The question asks to identify the part of the Indian Constitution that mandates developing the 'scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform' among citizens.

Identifying the Correct Constitutional Provision

This specific directive falls under the category of citizens' responsibilities towards the nation.

• The Indian Constitution, specifically under Part IVA (Fundamental Duties), lists the duties every citizen must undertake.
• Article 51A outlines these Fundamental Duties. Clause (h) explicitly states it is the duty of every citizen 'to develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform'.
• Fundamental Rights (Part III) are guarantees given to citizens.
• Directive Principles (Part IV) guide the state in governance but are not directly enforceable duties on citizens.
• Services under the Union and states relate to public administration.

Therefore, the mandate to cultivate a scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform is part of the Fundamental Duties.