The World Health Organization (WHO) declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) in May 2026 following an outbreak of Ebola disease caused by the Bundibugyo virus involving which pair of countries?
Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda
A Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) is the highest level of alert under the International Health Regulations (2005). The WHO Director-General declares it when an event poses a public health risk to other States through international spread and may require a coordinated international response.
Step 1 — In 2026, an outbreak of Ebola disease caused by the Bundibugyo virus was confirmed in Ituri Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with cases also reported in North and South Kivu.
Step 2 — Cases linked to the outbreak were then reported in neighbouring Uganda. Because the disease had crossed the border, the WHO Director-General declared the outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda a PHEIC in mid-May 2026.
Step 3 — The Republic of the Congo, Rwanda and South Sudan were not the countries named in that declaration, so every other pair fails.
Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda option is correct.
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