The role of earthworms in soil fertility was studied by _______.
Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin is correct.
Charles Darwin, better remembered for the theory of natural selection, devoted the last book of his life — "The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms, with Observations on their Habits" (1881) — to earthworms. He showed through decades of patient measurement that earthworms continually ingest, mix and bring soil to the surface as castings, so they are the principal natural agents of soil formation and fertility.
Stanley L. Miller and Harold C. Urey are known for the 1953 Miller–Urey experiment that produced amino acids from simulated primordial-atmosphere gases, and J.B.S. Haldane proposed the primordial-soup hypothesis of life's origin — none of these three worked on soil ecology.
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