The question asks us to identify the group in the Modern Periodic Table whose metallic elements exhibit a highest oxidation state of $$(+VI)$$ at the bottom of the group and a stable oxidation state of $$(+III)$$ at the top.
Identifying the Correct Periodic Table Group
Let's analyze the oxidation states commonly observed in the groups mentioned in the options:
Analysis of Options:
- Group 16 (Chalcogens): Elements like Oxygen (O), Sulfur (S), Selenium (Se), Tellurium (Te). While Sulfur and Tellurium can show $$(+VI)$$ oxidation states (e.g., in $ S O_3 $, $ H_2SO_4 $, $ TeF_6 $), the $$(+III)$$ state is not particularly stable or characteristic, especially compared to $$(+IV)$$ or $$(+VI)$$. Oxygen typically shows $ (-II) $.
- Group 15 (Pnictogens): Elements like Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Arsenic (As), Antimony (Sb), Bismuth (Bi). Common oxidation states include $ (-III) $, $ (+III) $, and $ (+V) $. The $$(+VI)$$ oxidation state is not typical for this group.
- Group 6 (Chromium Group): Elements include Chromium (Cr), Molybdenum (Mo), Tungsten (W).
- Chromium (Cr) exhibits a stable $$(+III)$$ oxidation state (e.g., $ Cr_2O_3 $) and a highest oxidation state of $$(+VI)$$ (e.g., in chromates, $ CrO_4^{2-} $).
- Molybdenum (Mo) and Tungsten (W) also display similar patterns, with $$(+VI)$$ being the highest observed oxidation state and $$(+III)$$ being a stable state. For instance, Tungsten often exists in $$(+VI)$$ state compounds like $ WO_3 $.
- Group 13 (Boron Group): Elements like Boron (B), Aluminum (Al), Gallium (Ga), Indium (In), Thallium (Tl). The most stable and common oxidation state for most elements in this group (especially Al, Ga, In) is $$(+III)$$. $ Tl $ shows both $ (+I) $ and $ (+III) $, with $ (+I) $ being more stable down the group. The $$(+VI)$$ oxidation state is not observed in this group.
Conclusion:
Based on the analysis, Group 6 elements (like Cr, Mo, W) are known to display a stable $$(+III)$$ oxidation state and can reach a maximum $$(+VI)$$ oxidation state. This aligns perfectly with the characteristics mentioned in the question.
Important Questions from Miscellaneous
- Which one of the following statements regarding hydrogen atom and other one electron species is correct?
- The correct order of penetrating ability of atomic orbitals is :
- The correct electronic configuration of Platinum is :
- The element with the highest enthalpy of atomization in the first transition series is :
- An element forms an ion in the +IV oxidation state with electronic configuration : $4d^4 \ 5d^{10}$. Which group and period of the Modern Periodic Table does the element belong to?
